Policy and Governance Strategies for Effective Cyclone Risk Management in Odisha, India: A Journey from 1999 Super Cyclone

Abstract

Odisha state in India is considered as one of the most successful states in managing the hydro-disasters in India but, on the other hand, it is also considered as the worst-hit state in India for the same reason. Therefore, there is a need for continuation modifications in strategies to reduce the risks associated with cyclones. This chapter intends to present a chronology of International and National policy interventions to face the challenges and also present a way forward in this connection. Besides the Key Policy initiatives followed in the State of Odisha such as specific policy initiatives in Odisha, The Odisha Relief Code (ORC), State Disaster Management Policy, Enactment of DM Act-2005, Institutional Arrangements in Odisha, Revenue and Disaster Management Department, Special Relief Organization, State Emergency Operation Centre, Odisha State Disaster Management Authority (OSDMA), State Executive Committee, District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA), Preparedness Measures, Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force (ODRAF), this chapter also explained the National and International policy initiatives such as International Strategies, The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, The Hyogo Framework for Action for a Safer World 2005–2015, International Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction (ISDR) 2000–2010, International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR)-1990–2000, Yokohama Strategy-1984, The Earth Summit-1992, Kyoto Protocol-2005, National Strategy for Disaster Management, Federal Structure of the Constitution, High Powered Committee (HPC), National Committee on Disaster Management (NCDM), The Disaster Management (DM) Act 2005.