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Molecular Insights into Wing Polymorphism and Migration Patterns of rice Planthoppers

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Genetic Methods and Tools for Managing Crop Pests

Abstract

Planthoppers are major plant pests in several cultivated ecosystems worldwide. In most situations, like the rice ecosystems in Asia, they represent a complex of cryptic species. They inflict direct as well as indirect damage on rice by serving as disease-causing virus vectors. Planthoppers are seasonal migrants, of which economically important pests, such as Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera, and Laodelphax striatellus, show wing dimorphism. Long-winged morphs are suitable for long-distance migration, while short-winged morphs for local colonization. The wing polyphenism is regulated by environmental cues, host plant nutrition, and other abiotic factors. Juvenile hormone, miRNA, insulin receptors pathway, and 20-hydroxy ecdysone form an autoregulatory feedback loop to regulate wing polyphenism in N. lugens. In India and other countries in Southeast Asia, rice planthoppers are seasonal migrants from south to north. Specifically, Indochinese peninsular region is the main source of N. lugens migratory population to temperate part of China and most probably to Japan. Similarly, the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) is the source of migratory population of S. furcifera to Yunan province of China. Migratory pathways of planthoppers have been elucidated efficiently with nuclear (simple sequence repeats, single nucleotide polymorphism) markers, mitochondrial (MtCo1) markers, and recently with more powerful whole-genome sequencing by evaluating genetic structure of different populations. Understanding migratory behavior of planthoppers will help in developing effective pest management strategies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India

    Saniya Tyagi, Srinivasa Narayana & Rajendra Nath Singh

  2. Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India

    G. Basana Gowda

Authors
  1. Saniya Tyagi
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  2. Srinivasa Narayana
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  3. Rajendra Nath Singh
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  4. G. Basana Gowda
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Srinivasa Narayana .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    A. K. Chakravarthy

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Tyagi, S., Narayana, S., Singh, R.N., Gowda, G.B. (2022). Molecular Insights into Wing Polymorphism and Migration Patterns of rice Planthoppers. In: Chakravarthy, A.K. (eds) Genetic Methods and Tools for Managing Crop Pests. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0264-2_17

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