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Soil Erosion and Sediments: A Source of Contamination and Impact on Agriculture Productivity

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Agrochemicals in Soil and Environment

Abstract

Soil erosion is a multifactor threat to human beings and various ecosystem services. Accelerated erosion is a manifestation of soil degradation which can have severe soil and environmental impacts. In India, about 24.96% and 12.77% of total geographical area is infested with moderate (10–20 Mg ha-1 yr-1) and very severe (>40 Mg ha-1 yr-1) erosion rates respectively. Soil erosions have on- and off-farm effects, resulting in loss of economic and environmental benefits. On-farm effect includes the soil health deterioration and poor crop productivity. Whereas,  off-site impact damages aquatic life by contaminating the water bodies with sediment, fertilizers and pesticides, causing siltation of rivers, shortening life of the reservoirs, contributing to loss of recreational activity, etc. During soil erosion process, runoff laden with soil nutrient losses results in deterioration of soil productivity. Soil erosion can cause extreme loss to the economy and environment, causing a negative effect to affected countries. Nitrogen, phosphorus, pesticides, heavy metals and some organic components are major contaminants accumulating in soil and received by water bodies. Nitrogen and phosphorus from agriculture runoff (from arable lands to rivers) cause eutrophication of water bodies and impair drinking water quality. Agricultural runoff is a dynamic and complex pollution process, in which controlling nutrient loss is difficult. The amount of nutrients and other contaminants carried by soil erosion depends upon the soil management practice and type of cropping system/land use pattern. There is a need to better understand the process of natural and anthropogenic soil erosion, at spatial and temporal scales, and to assess the impact of contaminants carried away with erosion on productivity and other environmental issues; better strategies are needed to prevent soil erosion and related contamination of water bodies especially from fertilizers and manures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Soil Chemistry and Fertility, IISWC, Research Centre, Kota, India

    I. Rashmi

  2. Soil Chemistry and Fertility, NBSSLUP, Regional Centre, Bangalore, India

    K. S. Karthika

  3. Soil Chemistry and Fertility, IISWC, Dehradun, India

    Trisha Roy

  4. Agriculture Extension, IISS, Bhopal, India

    K. C. Shinoji

  5. Agronomy, IISWC, Research Centre, Kota, India

    Anita Kumawat

  6. Forestry, IISWC, Research Centre, Kota, India

    S. Kala

  7. Environmental Science, IISWC, Research Centre, Agra, India

    Rama Pal

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  1. I. Rashmi
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  2. K. S. Karthika
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  3. Trisha Roy
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  4. K. C. Shinoji
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  5. Anita Kumawat
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  6. S. Kala
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  7. Rama Pal
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botony, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    M. Naeem

  2. Division de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICyT), San Luis Potosí, Mexico

    Juan Francisco Jimenez Bremont

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

    Abid Ali Ansari

  4. Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

    Sarvajeet Singh Gill

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Rashmi, I. et al. (2022). Soil Erosion and Sediments: A Source of Contamination and Impact on Agriculture Productivity. In: Naeem, M., Bremont, J.F.J., Ansari, A.A., Gill, S.S. (eds) Agrochemicals in Soil and Environment. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9310-6_14

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