Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Green Composite Using Agricultural Waste Reinforcement

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Green Composites

Part of the book series: Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials ((MHFNN))

Abstract

The green composite is one of dominant player in the materials over the period of time. As the green composite word itself comprises of internal meaning it has bio-material within might be either the complete material or partially has base material or reinforcement. Herein, the focus is all about the reinforcement. This reinforcement act is effective agent while adding with the other materials like metal, ceramic and so on. The value addition is provided by these reinforcements are quite remarkable owing to adding the newer properties to the base materials. Nowadays, waste is major factor to consider for the recycling purpose. In this scenario, one of contributor to the waste is agricultural waste in the form of leaves, dried branches of plants, tress and others. So, the focus of this chapter is all about contribution of agricultural waste into adoptable reinforcement in the production of composite materials. This factor attracts many researchers all over the globe, and versatile work is carried out in this agricultural waste. It is contributing as a composite material for many applications due to contributing in an effective manner in terms of considerable mechanical and tribological properties. It is one of hybrid combination too, and few such a kind of review is taken in this study.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Rowell RM, O’Neill E, Krzysik A, Bossman D, Gallaway DF, Hemenover M (2007) Incorporation of animal manures as reinforcing fillers in high-density polyethylene and high-density polypropylene composites. In: Stark NM (ed) Proceedings of ninth international conference on wood & biofiber plastic composites, 2007 May 21–23, Forest Products Society, Madison, WI, 7224, pp 371–374. ISBN: 1892529505: 9781892529503

    Google Scholar 

  2. Ashori A, Nourbakhsh A (2010) Bio-based composites from waste agricultural residues. Waste Manage 30:680–684

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Li X, Lei B, Lin Z, Huang L, Tan S, Cai X (2014) The utilization of bamboo charcoal enhances wood plastic composites with excellent mechanical and thermal properties. Mater Des 53:419–424

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. DeVallance DB, Oporto GS, Quigley P (2015) Investigation of hardwood biochar as a replacement for wood flour in wood–polypropylene composites. J Elastom Plast 1–13

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ayrilmis N, Kwon JH, Han TH, Durmus A (2015) Effect of wood-derived charcoal content on properties of wood plastic composites. Mater Res 18:654–659

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Das O, Sarmah AK, Bhattacharyya D (2015) Biocomposites from waste derived biochars: mechanical, thermal, chemical, and morphological properties. Waste Manage 49:560–570

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Das O, Sarmah AK, Bhattacharyya D (2015) A novel approach in organic waste utilization through biochar addition in wood/polypropylene composites. Waste Manage 38:132–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Vaisanen T, Heikkinen J, Tomppo L, Lappalainen R (2016) Improving the properties of wood–plastic composite through addition of hardwood pyrolysis liquid. J Thermoplast Compos Mater. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705716632862

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Hamzeh Y, Ashori A, Mirzaei B (2011) Effects of waste paper sludge on the physico-mechanical properties of high density polyethylene/wood flour composites. J Polym Environ 19:120–124

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Soucy J, Koubaa A, Migneault S, Riedl B (2015) Chemical composition and surface properties of paper mill sludge and their impact on high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites. J Wood Chem Technol 36:77–93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Stark NM, Rowlands RE (2003) Effects of wood fiber characteristics on mechanical properties of wood/polypropylene composites. Wood Fiber Sci 35:167–174

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Viksne A, Berzina R, Andersone I, Belkova L (2010) Study of plastic compounds containing polypropylene and wood derived fillers from waste of different origin. J Appl Polym Sci 117:368–377

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ramesh M, Rajeshkumar L (2018) Wood flour filled thermoset composites. In: Thermoset composites: preparation, properties and applications, materials research forum, vol 38, pp 33–65. https://doi.org/10.21741/9781945291876-2

  14. Vaisanen T, Heikkinen J, Tomppo L, Lappalainen R (2016) Softwood distillate as a bio-based additive in wood-plastic composites. J Wood Chem Technol 36(4):278–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2015.1137947

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Vaisanen T, Tomppo L, Selenius M, Lappalainen R (2016) Effects of slow pyrolysis derived birch distillate on the properties of wood-plastic composites. Eur J Wood Prod 74:131–133

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Morandim-Giannetti AA, Agnelli JAM, Lanças BZ, Magnabosco R, Casarin SA, Bettini SH (2012) Lignin as additive in polypropylene/coir composites: thermal, mechanical and morphological properties. Carbohydr Polym 87:2563–2568

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Pyl SP, Dijkmans T, Antonykutty JM, Reyniers M, Harlin A, Van Geem KM, Marin GB (2012) Wood-derived olefins by steam cracking of hydrodeoxygenated tall oils. Bioresour Technol 126:48–55

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Mohammed L, Ansari M, Pua G, Jawaid M, Islam MS (2015) A review on natural fiber reinforced polymer composite and its applications. Int J Polym Sci. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/243947

  19. Teo DCL, Mannan MA, Kurian VJ (2006) Structural concrete using oil palm shell (OPS) as lightweight aggregate. Turk J Eng Environ Sci 30(4):251–257

    Google Scholar 

  20. Muda ZC, Sharif SFA, Hong NJ (2012) Flexural behavior of lightweight oil palm shells concrete slab reinforced with geogrid. Int J Sci Eng Res 3(11)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Mohammed BS, Foo WL, Abdullahi M (2014) Flexural strength of palm oil clinker concrete beams. Mater Des 53:325–331

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Mohammed BS, Al-Ganad MA, Abdullahi M (2011) Analytical and experimental studies on composite slabs utilising palm oil clinker concrete. Constr Build Mater 25(8):3550–3560

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Gunasekaran K, Annadurai R, Kumar PS (2013) Study on reinforced lightweight coconut shell concrete beam behavior under flexure. Mater Des 46:157–167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Faruk O, Bledzki AK, Fink H-P, Sain M (2012) Biocomposites reinforced with natural fibers: 2000–2010. Prog Polym Sci 37:1552–1596

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Monica A, Claramunt J, Filho RDT (2015) Cellulosic fiber reinforced cement-based composites: a review of recent research. Constr Build Mater 79:115–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Soroushian P, Won J-P, Hassan M (2012) Durability characteristics of CO2-cured cellulose fiber reinforced cement composites. Constr Build Mater 34:44–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Claramunt J, Ardanuy M, García-Hortal JA, Filho RDT (2011) The hornification of vegetable fibers to improve the durability of cement mortar composites. Cem Concr Compos 33:586–595

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Atuanya CU, Aigbodion VS (2014) Evaluation of Al-Cu-Mg alloy/bean pod ash nanoparticles synthesis by double layer feeding-stir casting method. J Alloys Compd 601:251–259

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Saravanan SD, Kumar MS (2013) Effect of mechanical properties on rice husk ash reinforced aluminium alloy (AlSi10Mg) matrix composites. Proc Eng 64:1505–1513

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Ochieze BQ, Nwobi-Okoye CC, Atamuo PN (2018) Experimental study of the effect of wear parameters on the wear behavior of A356 alloy/cow horn particulate composites. Def Technol 14:77–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Mishra P, Mishra P, Rana RS (2018) Effect of rice husk ash reinforcements on mechanical properties of aluminium alloy (LM6) matrix composites. Mater Today 5:6018–6022

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Atuanya CU, Ibhadode AOA, Dagwa IM (2012) Effects of breadfruit seed hull ash on the microstructures and properties of Al-Si-Fe alloy/breadfruit seed hull ash particulate composites. Res Phys 2:142–149

    Google Scholar 

  33. Hima Gireesh C, Durga Prasad KG, Ramji K, Vinay PV (2018) Mechanical characterization of aluminium metal matrix composite reinforced with aloe vera powder. Mater Today 5:3289–3297

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Alaneme KK, Bodunrin MO, Awe AA (2018) Microstructure, mechanical and fracture properties of groundnut shell ash and silicon carbide dispersion strengthened aluminium matrix composites. J King Saud Univ Eng Sci 30:96–103

    Google Scholar 

  35. Nwobi-Okoye CC, Ochieze BQ (2018) Age hardening process modeling and optimization of aluminium alloy A356/Cow horn particulate composite for brake drum application using RSM, ANN and simulated annealing. Def Technol 14:336–345

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Alaneme KK, Olubambi PA (2013) Corrosion and wear behavior of rice husk ash—alumina reinforced Al-Mg-Si alloy matrix hybrid composites. J Mater Res Technol 2:188–194

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Kumarasamy SP, Vijayananth K, Thankachan T, Muthukutti GP (2017) Investigations on mechanical and machinability behavior of aluminum/flyashcenosphere/Gr hybrid composites processed through compo casting. J Appl Res Technol 15:430–441

    Google Scholar 

  38. Sharma VK, Singh RC, Chaudhary R (2017) Effect of fly ash particles with aluminium melt on the wear of aluminium metal matrix composites. Eng Sci Technol Int J 20:1318–1323

    Google Scholar 

  39. Saravanan SD, Kumar MS (2013) Effect of mechanical properties on rice husk ash reinforced aluminum alloy (AlSi10Mg) matrix composites. Procedia Eng 64:1505–1513

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641402, India

    M. Ramesh

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641407, India

    L. Rajeshkumar, D. Balaji & V. Bhuvaneswari

Authors
  1. M. Ramesh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. L. Rajeshkumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. D. Balaji
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. V. Bhuvaneswari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Ramesh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India

    Sabu Thomas

  2. IIUCNN, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India

    Preetha Balakrishnan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Ramesh, M., Rajeshkumar, L., Balaji, D., Bhuvaneswari, V. (2021). Green Composite Using Agricultural Waste Reinforcement. In: Thomas, S., Balakrishnan, P. (eds) Green Composites. Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9643-8_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation