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Stem Cell Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease

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Stem Cell-based Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1266))

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease caused by eventually aggregated amyloid β (Aβ) plaques in degenerating neurons of the aging brain. These aggregated protein plaques mainly consist of Aβ fibrils and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of phosphorylated tau protein. Even though some cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonist, and monoclonal antibodies were developed to inhibit neurodegeneration or activate neural regeneration or clear off the Aβ deposits, none of the treatment is effective in improving the cognitive and memory dysfunctions of the AD patients. Thus, stem cell therapy represents a powerful tool for the treatment of AD. In addition to discussing the advents in molecular pathogenesis and animal models of this disease and the treatment approaches using small molecules and immunoglobulins against AD, we will focus on the stem cell sources for AD using neural stem cells (NSCs); embryonic stem cells (ESCs); and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow, umbilical cord, and umbilical cord blood. In particular, patient-specific-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) are proposed as a future prospective and the challenges for the treatment of AD.

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Acknowledgement

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 81571241), Department of Science and technology of Shandong Province, China (2017GSF18104), and Basic Research fund from Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (ZR2019ZD39). We also thank Qingfa Chen, Chuanfei Wei, and Wei Wang in my lab for their technically editing the references and making figures of the manuscript.

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The authors have no conflict of interest in this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Liaocheng University/Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Shandong, China

    Fabin Han

  2. The Institute for Translational Medicine, Shandong University/Affiliated Second Hospital, Shandong, China

    Fabin Han & Jianzhong Bi

  3. Department of Neurology, Tsinghua University/Yuquan Hospital, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China

    Liyan Qiao

  4. Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Ottavio Arancio

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  1. Fabin Han
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  4. Ottavio Arancio
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Correspondence to Fabin Han .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China

    Fabin Han

  2. School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Pengzhe (Paul) Lu

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Han, F., Bi, J., Qiao, L., Arancio, O. (2020). Stem Cell Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease. In: Han, F., Lu, P.(. (eds) Stem Cell-based Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1266. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4370-8_4

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