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Exercise and Schizophrenia

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Physical Exercise for Human Health

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1228))

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by distortions of thinking and perception, with no strictly pathognomonic symptoms that can be divided into positive, negative, and cognitive symptom domains. People with schizophrenia have, between others, a reduced life expectancy and cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness and increased risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia compared to the general population. Furthermore, the economic burden of mental disorders including schizophrenia is evident and it is expected to increase to more than double by 2030. Therefore, reducing the growing burden of mental disorders such as schizophrenia should be a health priority. Improved prevention and treatment are two key factors that may reduce the burden of schizophrenia. Pharmacological- and psychotherapy-based interventions have been traditionally considered for treating schizophrenia disorders; however, there is an increasing amount of scientific evidence confirming that physical activity and physical exercise should be highly considered in prevention and treatment of schizophrenia disorders. In this chapter, we aim to summarize and discuss the research progress of physical activity and exercise in prevention and treatment of schizophrenia disorder. Specifically, we summarized and discussed the research progress of the prognostic use of physical activity for incident schizophrenia; the importance of other outcomes typically improved by physical activity/exercise such as obesity and fitness (cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness) for future schizophrenia; the research progress of the evidence of the benefits of exercise in people with schizophrenia disorders differentiating between effects of exercise on varied health outcomes, cognitive functioning, and cardiorespiratory fitness; and finally the clinical practice recommendations.

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Acknowledgments

The work was funded by Research Group CTS-948, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Andalusian Government; Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain “A2. Ayudas Puente para la Concurrencia al Plan Estatal de I+D”; European University of Madrid, Cátedra Real Madrid, Spain (funding project number P2017/RM08); Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES); and FEDER funds from the European Union (CB16/10/00477). JBA was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education (grant number FPU13/05130) and by the Departamento de Innovación, Investigación y Universidad del Gobierno de Aragón y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional—Programa Operativo FEDER Aragón 2014–2020 “Construyendo Europa desde Aragón” (reference number PUI/2018-337). The funders had no role in study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing the report; and the decision to submit the report for publication.

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The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physical Performance Sports Research Center, Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain

    Javier Bueno-Antequera & Diego Munguía-Izquierdo

  2. Research Group in Development Movimiento Humano, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

    Javier Bueno-Antequera & Diego Munguía-Izquierdo

  3. Biomedical Research Networking Center on Frailty and Healthy Aging, Madrid, Spain

    Diego Munguía-Izquierdo

Authors
  1. Javier Bueno-Antequera
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  2. Diego Munguía-Izquierdo
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Correspondence to Diego Munguía-Izquierdo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China

    Junjie Xiao

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Bueno-Antequera, J., Munguía-Izquierdo, D. (2020). Exercise and Schizophrenia. In: Xiao, J. (eds) Physical Exercise for Human Health. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1228. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1792-1_21

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