Abstract
The food security of world population depends on our limited agricultural land and the reproductive capacity of field crops. Hence, plant scientist are putting their efforts to increase the crop yield by using the existing resources. Seed priming is a very promising, efficient, and low-cost approach to increase the germination, the growth, as well as the productive capability of crops. Water, inorganic salts, sugars, solid medium with water and nutrients, beneficial microbes, micronutrients, hormones, rhizobacteria, and organic sources are used as priming agents for seeds. Seed priming is not only used for improving the plant growth and yield but it also increases the abiotic stress tolerance. This chapter will focus on classification of seed priming by using different priming agents.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Afzal I, Basra SMA, Ahmad N, Farooq M (2005) Optimization of hormonal priming techniques for alleviation of salinity stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Caderno de Pesquisa Sér. Bio, Santa Cruz do Sul 17(1):95–109
Afzal I, Basra SMA, Farooq M, Nawaz A (2006) Alleviation of salinity stress in spring wheat by hormonal priming with ABA, salicylic acid and ascorbic acid. Int J Agric Biol 8(1):23–28
Afzal I, Basra SMA, Ahmad N, Lodhi TE (2007) Counteraction of salinity stress on wheat plants by pre-sowing seed treatments. Pak J Agric Sci 44:104–109
Ansari O, Zadeh FS (2012) Osmo and hydro priming improvement germination characteristics and enzyme activity of Mountain Rye (Secale montanum) seeds under drought stress. J Stress Physiol Biochem 8(4):253–261
Ashrafi E, Razmjoo K (2010) Effect of priming on seed germination and field emergence of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Seed Sci Technol 38(3):675–681
Azadi MS, Younesi E, Tabatabaei SA (2013) Seed germination, seedling growth and enzyme activity of wheat seed primed under drought and different temperature conditions. J Stress Physiol Biochem 9(4):1–4
Basra SMA, Farooq M, Tabassum R (2005) Physiological and biochemical aspects of seed vigor enhancement treatments in fine rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seed Sci Technol 33:623–628
Basra SM, Farooq M, Wahid A, Khan MB (2006) Rice seed invigoration by hormonal and vitamin priming. Seed Sci Technol 34(3):753–758
Bastia DK, Rout AK, Mohanty SK, Prusty AM (1999) Effect of sowing date sowing methods and seed soaking on yield and oil content of rainfed safflower grown in Kalahandi, Orissa. Indian J Agron 44:621–623
Callan NW, Mathre D, Miller JB (1990) Bio-priming seed treatment for biological control of pythium ultimum preemergence damping-off in sh2 sweet corn. Plant Dis 74(5):368–372
Chang-Zheng H, Jin H, Zhi-Yu Z, Song-Lin R, Wen-Jian S (2002) Effect of seed priming with mixed-salt solution on germination and physiological characteristics of seedling in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under stress conditions. J Zhejiang Univ (Agric Life Sci) 28:175–178
Dezfuli PM, Zadeh FS, Janmohammadi M (2008) Influence of priming techniques on seed germination behavior of maize inbred lines (Zea mays L.). J Agric Biol Sci 3(3):22–25
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Hafeez K, Ahmad N (2005) Thermal hardening: a new seed vigor enhancement tool in rice. J Integr Plant Biol 47:187–193
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Wahid A (2006a) Priming of field-sown rice seed enhances germination, seedling establishment, allometry and yield. Plant Growth Regul 49:285–294
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Tabassum R, Afzal I (2006b) Enhancing the performance of direct seeded fine rice by seed priming. Plant Prod Sci 9:446–456
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Khalid M, Tabassum R, Mehmood T (2006c) Nutrient homeostasis, reserves metabolism and seedling vigor as affected by seed priming in coarse rice. Can J Bot 84:1196–1202
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Afzal I, Khaliq A (2006d) Optimization of hydropriming techniques for rice seed invigoration. Seed Sci Technol 34:507–512
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Ahmad N (2007) Improving the performance of transplanted rice by seed priming. Plant Growth Regul 51:129–137
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Asad SA (2008a) Comparison of conventional puddling and dry tillage in rice–wheat system. Paddy Water Environ 6:397–404
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Rehman H, Saleem BA (2008b) Seed priming enhances the performance of late sown wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) by improving chilling tolerance. J Agron Crop Sci 194:55–60
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Wahid A, Ahmad N (2010) Changes in nutrient-homeostasis and reserves metabolism during rice seed priming: consequences for germination and seedling growth. Agric Sci China 9:101–108
Farooq M, Atique-ur-Rehman AT, Habib M (2011) Boron nutripriming improves the germination and early seedling growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Plant Nutr 34(10):1507–1515
Farooq M, Ullah A, Rehman A, Nawaz A, Nadeem A, Wakeel A, Nadeem F, Siddique KH (2018) Application of zinc improves the productivity and biofortification of fine grain aromatic rice grown in dry seeded and puddled transplanted production systems. Field Crops Res 216:53–62
Ghassemi GK, Aliloo AA, Valizadeh M, Moghaddam M (2008) Effect of hydro and osmo-priming on seed germination and Field Emergence of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). Not Bot Horti Agrobot Cluj 36(1):29–33
Gongping GU, Guo Rong WU, Chang Mei L, Chang Fang Z (2000) Effects of PEG priming on vigour index and activated oxygen metabolism in soybean seedlings. Chin J Oil Crop Sci 22:26–30
Grzesik M, Nowak J (1998) Effects of matriconditioning and hydro-priming on Helichrysumbracteatum L. seed germination, seedling emergence and stress tolerance. Seed Sci Technol 26:363–376
Harris D, Joshi A, Khan PA, Gothakar P, Sodhi PS (1999) On-farm seed priming in semi-arid agriculture: Development and evaluation in corn, rice and chickpea in India using participatory methods. Exp Agric 35:15–29
Harris D, Raghuwanshi BS, Gangwar JS, Singh SC, Joshi KD, Rashid A, Hollington PA (2001) Participatory evaluation by farmers of on-farm seed priming in wheat in India, Nepal and Pakistan. Exp Agric 37:403–415
Hur SN (1991) Effect of osmoconditioning on the productivity of Italian ryegrass and sorghum under suboptimal conditions. Korean J Anim Sci 33:101–105
Ilyas S, Sutariati GAK, Suwarno FC, Sudarsono (2002) Matriconditioning improves the quality and protein level of medium vigor hot pepper seed. Seed Technol 65–75
Iqbal M, Ashraf M, Jamil A, Rehman S (2006) Does seed priming induce changes in the levels of some endogenous plant hormones in hexaploidwheat plants under salt stress. J Int Plant Biol 48:181–189
Iqbal S, Farooq M, Cheema SA, Afzal I (2017) Boron seed priming improves the seedling emergence, growth, grain yield and grain biofortification of bread wheat. Int J Agri Biol 19(1):177–182
Jyotsna V, Srivastava AK (1998) Physiological basis of salt stress resistance in pigeonpea (Cajanuscajan L.)-II. Pre-sowing seed soaking treatment in regulating early seedling metabolism during seed germination. Plant Physiol Biochem 25:89–94
Kadiri M, Hussaini MA (1999) Effect of hardening pretreatments on vegetative growth, enzyme activities and yield of Pennisetumamericanum and Sorghum bicolor L. Global J Pure Appl Sci 5:179–183
Kamithi KD, Wachira F, Kibe AM (2016) Effects of different priming methods and priming durations on enzyme activities in germinating chickpea (Cicerarietinum L.). Am J Nat Appl Sci 1:1):1–1):9
Kaur S, Gupta AK, Kaur N (2002) Effect of osmo and hydropriming of chickpea seeds on seedling growth and carbohydrate metabolism under water deficit stress. Plant Growth Regul 37:17–22
Khan AA (1992) Preplant physiological seed conditioning. Hortic Rev 14:131–181
Khan HA, Ayub CM, Pervez MA, Bilal RM, Shahid MA, Ziaf K (2009) Effect of seed priming with NaCl on salinity tolerance of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) at seedling stage. Soil Environ 28:81–87
Kubik KK, Eastin JA, Eastin JD, Eskridge KM (1988) Solid matrix priming of tomato and pepper. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Stand Establishment in Horticultural crops, Lancaster, pp 86–96
Kumar S (2005) Influence of pre-sowing seed treatment and seed pelleting on storability in brinjal (Solanummelongena L.). MSc (Agri) Thesis, University of Agriculture Science, Dharwad, India
Kumar A, Gangwar JS, Prasad SC, Harris D (2002) On-farm seed priming increases yield of direct-sown finger millet in India. Int Sorghum Millets News 43:90–92
Kyuak H, Hopper NW, Bridham RD (1995) Effects of temperature and presoaking on germination, root length and shoot length of sesame (Sesamumindicum L.). Environ Exp Bot 35(3):345–351
Mahmood A, Turgay OC, Farooq M, Hayat R (2016) Seed biopriming with plant growth promotingrhizobacteria: a review. FEMS Microbiology Ecol 92(8). PMID 2722222, https://doi.org/10.1093/fersec/fiw112
Mohammadi MJ, Dezfuli PM, Sharifzadeh F (2008) Seed invigoration techniques to improve germination and early growth of inbred line of maize under salinity and drought stress. J Appl Plant Physiol 34:215–226
Nabizadeh E, Yousefi F, Gerami F (2012) Osmopriming effects on safflower seed germination and seedling growth. Eur J Exp Biol 2(3):623630
Nadeem M, Palni LMS, Purohit AN, Pandey H, Nandi SK (2000) Propagation and conservation of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle: an important medicinal herb. Nandi Biol Conserv 92:121–129
Nagar R, Dadlani PM, Sharma SP (1998) Effect of hydro-priming on field emergence and crop growth of maizegenotypes. Seed Sci Res 26:1–5
Nagarajan S, Pandita VK (2001) Improvement in germination characteristics in artificially aged seeds of tomato by osmoconditioning. Seed Res 29(2):136–140
Nalini T, Poonam S, Lal C, Katiyar PK, Vaish CP (2001) Effect of presowing seed treatments on germination growth and yield of onion. Seed Res 29(2):238–239
Nascimento WM (2003) Muskmelon seed germination and seedling development in response to seed priming. Sci Agric 60(1):71–75
Nascimento WM, Cantliffe DJ, Huber DJ (2004) Ethylene evolution and endo-beta-mannanase activity during lettuce seed germination at high temperature. Sci Agric 61(2):156–163
Nautiyal MC, Rawat AS, Bhadula SK, Purohit AN (1987) Seed germination in Podophyllum hexandrum. Seed Res 15:206–209
Nawaz J, Hussain M, Jabbar A, Nadeem GA, Sajid M, Subtain MU, Shabbir I (2013) Seed priming a technique. Int J Agric Crop Sci 6(20):1373–1381
Nawaz A, Farooq M, Ahmad R, Basra SMA, Lal R (2016) Seed priming improves stand establishment and productivity of no till wheat grown after direct seeded aerobic and transplanted flooded rice. Eur J Agron 76:130–137
Pallavi HM, Kalappa VP, Ramegowda (2006) Application of vigour tests and seed invigoration in cauliflower. XII Nation Seed Seminiferous Prosperity Qual Seed 24(26):101
Pandita VK, Nagarajan S (2004) Effect of pre-sowing treatments in improving emergence of bitter gourd seedlings. Indian J Hortic 61(3):280–281
Pradhan N, Prakash P, Manimurugan C, Tiwari SK, Sharma RP, Singh PM (2015) Screening of tomato genotypes using osmopriming with PEG 6000 under salinity stress. Res Environ Life Sci 8(2):245–250
Rakshit A, Singh HB, Sen A (2015) Nutrient use efficiency: from basics to advances. Springer, New Delhi
Reddy PP (2012) Bio-priming of seeds. In: Recent advances in crop protection. Springer, New Delhi, pp 83–90
Rehman A (2012) Evaluating the potential of seed priming with boron for improving chickpea productivity. M.Sc. (Hons.) Dissertation. Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
Rehman A, Farooq M, Ahmad R, Basra SMA (2015) Seed priming with zinc improves the germination and early seedling growth of wheat. Seed Sci Technol 43(2):262–268
Rehman A, Farooq M, Naveed M, Nawaz A, Shahzad B (2018a) Seed priming of Zn with endophytic bacteria improves the productivity and grain biofortification of bread wheat. Eur J Agron 94:98–107
Rehman A, Farooq M, Naveed M, Ozturk L, Nawaz A (2018b) Pseudomonas-aided zinc application improves the productivity and biofortification of bread wheat. Crop Pasture Sci 69(7):659–672
Roy NK, Srivastava AK (1999) Effect of presoaking seed treatment on germination and amylase activity of wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) under salt stress conditions. Rachis 18:46–51
Sadeghi H, Khazaei F, Yari L, Sheidaei S (2011) Effect of seed osmopriming on seed germination behavior and vigour of soyabean (Glycine max L.). Agric Biol Sci 6:39–43
Safiatou SS (2012) Effect of different seed priming methods on germination, seedling establishment and vigour in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) andbambara groundnut (Vignasubterrenea (L.) Verdc.). Doctoral dissertation
Salehzade H, Izadkhah Shishvan M, Chiyasi M (2009) Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J Biol Sci 4:629–631
Sedghi M, Ali N, Esmaielpour B (2010) Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of two medicinal plants under salinity. J Emir Food Agric 22:130–113
Shukla N, Verma Y, Shukla PK, Misra P (2016) Effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 on seed priming in drought tolerant and sensitive barley (Hordeumvulgare L.) seeds. Int J Plant Sci 11(1):75–78
Singh G, Gill SS, Sandhu KK (1999) Improved performance of muskmelon (Cucumis melo) seeds with osmoconditioning. Acta Agrobot 52(1–2):121–137
Singh J, Kanwar JS, Geeta B (2004) Seed vigour as influenced by different seed priming treatments in okra (Abelmoschusesculentus L. Moench). Seed Res 32(2):122–125
Singh P, Kumar A, Bajpai VP, Singh CB, Jatar AL (2006) Effect of pretreatment on partially aged seeds of sunflower (Heliatnhusannuus L.) for germination, vigour and seedling growth. National Seed Seminar, Abstract XII. Angrau, Hyderabad, p 130
Sneideris LC, Gavassi MA, Campos ML, D’Amico-Damiao V, Carvalho RF (2015) Effects of hormonal priming on seed germination of pigeon pea under cadmium stress. An Acad Bras Cienc 87(3):1847–1852
Taylor AG, Harman GE (1990) Concepts and technologies of selected seed treatments. Annu Rev Phytopathol 28:321–329
Thakur A, Thakur PS, Bhardwaj J (1997) The influence of osmoconditioning on germination potential and seedling performance of bell pepper. Seed Res 25(1):25–30
Thakur A, Thakur PS, Dutt V, Thakur CL (2010) Conservation of Podophyllum hehandrum – an endangered medicinal herb through seeds. Indian J Plant Physiol 15:110–116
Theerakulpisut P, Kanawapee N, Panwong B (2017) Seed priming alleviated salt stress effects on rice seedlings by improving Na+/K+ and maintaining membrane integrity. Int J Plant Biol 7:6402
Thirusenduraselvi D, Jerlin R (2009) Osmopriming of seeds to improve the performance of bitter gourd cv. CO-1. Int J Plant Sci 4(1):182–187
Ullah A, Farooq M, Nadeem A, Rehman A, Asad SA, Nawaz A (2017) Manganese nutrition improves the productivity and grain biofortification of fine grain aromatic rice in conventional and conservation production systems. Paddy Water Environ 15(3):563–572
Wright B, Rowse HR, Whipps JM (2003) Application of beneficial microorganisms to seeds during drum priming. Biomed Sci Technol 13(6):599–614
Yogananda DK, Vyakarnahal BS, Shekhargouda M (2004) Effect of seed invigoration with growth regulations and micronutrients on germination and seedling vigour of bell pepper cv. California Wonder. Karnataka J Agric Sci 17(4):811–813
Zhang S, Hu J, Zhang Y, Xie XJ, Knapp A (2007) Seed priming with brassinolide improves lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) seed germination and seedling growth in relation to physiological changes under salinity stress. Aust J Agric Res 5(8):811–815
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sher, A., Sarwar, T., Nawaz, A., Ijaz, M., Sattar, A., Ahmad, S. (2019). Methods of Seed Priming. In: Hasanuzzaman, M., Fotopoulos, V. (eds) Priming and Pretreatment of Seeds and Seedlings. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8625-1_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8625-1_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-8624-4
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-8625-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)