Abstract
India is one of the 17 megadiverse countries in the world, and there are four biodiversity hotspots found in India. These are Indo-Burma, Himalaya, Western Ghats-Sri Lanka, and Sundaland. For biological diversity point of view, India is very rich in resources due to its diversified habitat and climatic conditions. India also supports 7.5% of the total animal species of the world. In this chapter, an effort made to compile and provide the detailed account on the vertebrate faunal diversity in the Indian biodiversity hotspots.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Alcock A (1905) Catalogue of the Indian decapod crustacea (Pt 2, Fasc. I). Calcutta
Altevogt R, Davis TA (1975) Birgus latro, India’s monstrous crab: a study and an appeal. Bull Dept Mar Sci Univ Cochin 7:11–24
Anderson S, Jones JK Jr (1984) Orders and families of recent mammals of the world. Wiley, New York, xii +686 pp
Andrews HV, Shanker K (2002) A significant population of leatherback turtles in the Indian ocean. Kachhapa 6:17
Andrews HV, Krishnan S, Biswas P (2006) Distribution and status of marine turtles in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. In: Shanker K, Choudhury BC (eds) Marine turtles of the Indian subcontinent. University Press, Hyderabad, pp 33–57
Anon. (2015) Annual report (2014–2015), ministry of environment and forests. Government of India, New Delhi
Bhaskar S (1979a) Sea turtles in the south Andaman Islands. Hamadryad 4:3–5
Bhaskar S (1979b) Sea turtle survey in the Andaman and Nicobars. Hamadryad 4:2–26
Bhaskar S (1993) The status and ecology of sea turtles in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. ST 1/93. Centre for Herpetology, Madras Crocodile Bank Trust, Post Bag 4, Mamallapuram, Tamil Nadu- 603104, India
Bhaskar S, Rao GC (1992) Present status of some endangered animals in Nicobar Islands. J Andaman Sci Assoc 8:181–186
Champion HG, Seth SK (1968) A revised survey of the forest types of India. Govt. of India Press, Nasik
Chapman AD (2009) Numbers of living species in Australia and the world, 2nd edn. Australian Government, Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Australia
Davis SD, Heywood VH, Hamilton AC (1995) Centers of plant diversity. A guide and strategy for their conservation, Vol. 2: Asia, Australasia and the Pacific. WWF/IUCN-The World Conservation Union. IUCN Publications Unit, Cambridge
Eldredge LG (1996) Birgus latro. The IUCN red list of threatened species 1996: e.T2811A9484078.. Downloaded on 22 June 2016
Fatima E, Andrews H, John S, Shanker K (2011) Status of marine turtles in Cuthbert Bay, middle Andaman Islands. Mar Turt Newsl 130:6–9
Fletcher WJ, Amos M (1994) Stock assessment of coconut crabs. AICAR monograph No.29, 32 p
FSI (2011) Forest Survey of India (MInistry of Environment & Forests) Kaulagarh Road, P.O -IPE Dehradun, 286 p
Greenaway P (2003) Terrestrial adaptations in the Anomura (Crustacea: Decapoda). Mem Mus Vic 60(1):13–26
Grubb P (1971) The growth, ecology and population structure of giant tortoises on Aldabra. Phil Trans R Soc Lond B 260:327–372
Hartnoll RG (1988) Biology of the land crabs: an introduction. In: WW Burggren, BR McMahon (eds) Evolution, systematics, and geographical distribution. Cambridge University Press, pp 6–54
Hume AO (1874) The islands of the Bay of Bengal. Stray Feathers 2:91
Kar CS, Bhaskar S (1982) Status of sea turtles in the Eastern Indian ocean. In: Bjorndal KA (ed) Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, pp 365–372
Lavery S, Moritz C, Fielder DR (1996a) Indo-Pacific population structure and evolutionary history of the coconut crab Birgus latro. Mol Ecol 5:557–570
Lavery S, Moritz C, Fielder DR (1996b) Indo-Pacific population structure and evolutionary history of the coconut crab Birgus latro. Mol Ecol 5(4):557–570
Mani MS (1974) Ecology and biogeography in India. Dr. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague, p 773
Miller GS (1902) The mammals of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Proc U S Nat Mus 24(7S):1–795
Mittermeier RA, Myers N, Robles-Gil P, Mittermeier CG (1999) Hotspots: Earth’s biologically richest and most endangered terrestrial ecoregions. CEMEX/Agrupación Sierra Madre, Mexico City
Mittermeier RA, Turner WR, Larsen FW, Brooks TM, Gascon C (2011) Global biodiversity conservation: the critical role of hotspots. In: Zachos FE, Habel JC (eds) Biodiversity hotspots. Springer Publishers, London, pp 3–22
Myers N (1988) Threatened biotas: “hotspots” in tropical forests. Environmentalist 8:1–20
Myers N (1990) The biodiversity challenge: expanded hotspots analysis. Environmentalist 10:243–256
Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, da Fonseca GAB, Kent J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403:853–858
Nair SC (1991) The southern Western Ghats: a biodiversity conservation plan. INTACH, New Delhi, 92 p
Powers LW, Bliss DE (1983) Terrestrial adaptations. In: Vernberg FJ, Vernberg WB (eds) The biology of crustacean. Environmental Adaptations, vol 8. Academic, New York, pp 272–333
Ramachandran S, Anitha S, Balamurugan V, Dharanirajan K, Vendhan EK, Divien MIP (2005) Ecological impact of tsunami on Nicobar Islands(Camorta, Katchal, Nancowry and Trinkat). Curr Sci 89:195–200
Ramakrishna, Alfred JRB (2007) Faunal resources in India. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata
Ravindranath NH, Sukumar R, Joshi NV, Murthy IK (2006) Impact of climate changes on biodiversity in India and adaptation. DD Verma, S Arora, RK Rai (eds). Ministry of Environments and Forests, Government of India, pp 21–40
Reyne A (1939) On the food habits of the coconut crab (Birgus latro L.), with notes on its distribution. Arch. Neerland. De Zool 3:283–320
Robertson M (1991) Husbandry and moulting behavior of the robber or coconut crab Birgus latro: at London zoo. Int Zoo Year Book 30(1):60–67
Singh P, Dash SS (2014) Plant discoveries 2013 – new genera, species and new records. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata
Umapathy G, Singh M, Mohnot SM (2003) Status and distribution of Macaca fascicularis umbrosa in the Nicobar Islands, India. Int J Primatol 24(2):281–293
van Steenis CGGJ (1950) The delimitation of Malesia and its main plant geographical divisions. Flora Malesiana I(1):lxx–lxxv
Velankar AD, Kumara HN, Pal A, Mishra PS, Sing M (2016) Population recovery of Nicobar long-tailed macaque Macaca fascicularis umbrosus following a tsunami in the Nicobar Islands, India. PLoS One 11(2):e0148205. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148205
Venkataraman K (2006) Biodiversity legislations in likeminded mega diversity countries (eds) DD Verma, S Arora, RK Rai. Ministry of Environment and Forests, pp 79–92
Whitmore TC (ed) (1984) Tropical rain forests of the far East, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford
WII (2009) India’s green book: forests and wildlife. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehra Dun. wiienvis.nic.in – Wildlife Institute of India, ENVIS Centre on Wildlife and Protected Areaswiienvis.nic.in/Database/br_8225.aspx
Williams KJ, Ford A, Rosauer DF, De Silva N, Mittermeier R, Bruce C, Larsen FW, Margules C (2011) Forests of east Australia: the 35th biodiversity hotspot. In: Zachos FE, Habel JC (eds) Biodiversity hotspots. Springer Publishers, London, pp 295–310
ZSI (2016). Animal discoveries of 2015 - New species and new records. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata. 152 p
ZSI (2016) Animal discoveries of 2015 – new species and new records. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, p 152
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Venkataraman, K., Sivaperuman, C. (2018). Biodiversity Hotspots in India. In: Sivaperuman, C., Venkataraman, K. (eds) Indian Hotspots . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6605-4_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6605-4_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-6604-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-6605-4
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)