Skip to main content

Human Echinostomiasis: Mechanisms of Pathogenesis and Host Resistance

  • Chapter
Echinostomes as Experimental Models for Biological Research

Abstract

Human echinostomiasis refers to infection of the human intestine by digenetic trematodes of the family Echinostomatidae which primarily infect a variety of birds and mammals other than humans. The life cycles of these worms are completed in nature without human involvement and the natural definitive hosts may also serve as reservoirs for human infection. Human echinostomiasis, caused by about 20 species belonging to eight genera (Table 1), is thus considered a zoonosis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Anonymous (1995) Control of Foodborne Trematode Infections. Report of a WHO Study Group. WHO Technical Report Series 849, 1–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Agger, M.K., Simonsen, P.E. and Vennervald, B.J. (1993) The antibody response in serum, intestinal wall and intestinal lumen of NMRI mice infected with Echinostoma caproni. Journal of Helminthology 67, 169–178.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beaver, P.C., Jung, R.C. and Cupp, E.W. (1984) Clinical Parasitology. Lea &; Febiger, Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Belding, D.L. (1965) Textbook of Parasitology. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bindseil, E. and Christensen, N.Ø. (1984) Thymus-independent crypt hyperplasia and villous atrophy in the small intestine of mice infected with the trematode Echinostoma revolutum. Parasitology 88, 431–438.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bosma, G.C., Custer, R.P. and Bosma, M.J. (1983) A severe combined immunodeficiency mutation in the mouse. Nature (London) 301, 527–530.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bosma, M.J. and Carroll, A.M. (1991) The SCID mouse mutant: definition, characterization, and potential uses. Annual Review of Immunology 9, 323–350.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carney, W.P. (1991) Echinostomiasis — a snail-borne intestinal trematode zoonosis. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 22, 206–211.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carney, W.P., Sudomo, M. and Purnomo, A. (1980) Echinostomiasis: a disease that disappeared. Tropical and Geographical Medicine 32, 101–105.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chai, J.Y., Kim, T.K., Cho, W.H., Seo, M., Kook, J., Guk, S.M. and Lee, S.H. (1998) Intestinal mastocytosis and goblet cell hyperplasia in BALB/c and C3H mice infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense. Korean Journal of Parasitology 36, 109–119.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chien, W.Y., Hosier, D.W. and Fried, B. (1993) Surgical implantation of Echinostoma caproni metacercariae and adults into the small intestine of ICR mice. Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 60, 122–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, N.Ø. , Fagbemi, B.O. and Nansen, P. (1984) Trypanosoma brucei-induced blockage of expulsion of Echinostoma revolutum and of homologous E. revolutum resistance in mice. Journal of Parasitology 70, 558–561.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, N.Ø., Knudsen, J. and Andreassen, J. (1986) Echinostoma revolutum: resistance to secondary and superimposed infections in mice. Experimental Parasitology 61, 311–318.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, N.Ø., Knudsen, J., Fagbemi, B. and Nansen, P. (1985). Impairment of primary expulsion of Echinostoma revolutum in mice concurrently infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Journal of Helminthology 59, 333–335.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, M.D., Carnet, W.P., Cross, J.H., Hadidjaja, P., Oemijati, S. and Joescef, A. (1974) Schistosomiasis and other human parasitoses of Lake Lindu in Central Suwalesi (Celebes), Indonesia. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 23, 385–392.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cross, J.H. and Basaca-Sevilla, V. (1986) Studies on Echinostoma ilocanum in the Philippines. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 17, 23–27.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eduardo, S.L. (1991) Food-borne zoonoses in the Philippines. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 22, 16–22.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frazer, B.A., Fried, B., Fujino, T. and Sleckman, B.P. (1999) Host-parasite relationships between Echinostoma caproni and RAG-2-deficient mice. Parasitology Research 85, 337–342.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fried, B. (1994) Metacercarial excystment of trematodes. Advances in Parasitology 33, 91–144.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fried, B. and Huffman, J.E. (1996) The biology of the intestinal trematode Echinostoma caproni. Advances in Parasitology 38, 311–368.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fried, B., Tancer, R. B. and Fleming, S. J. (1980) In vitro pairing of Echinostoma revolutum (Trematoda) metacercariae and adults, and characterization of worm products involved in chemoattraction. Journal of Parasitology 66, 1014–1018.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino, T. and Fried, B. (1993) Echinostoma caproni and E. trivolvis alter the binding of glycoconjugates in intestinal mucosa of C3H mice as determined by lectin histochemistry. Journal of Helminthology 67, 179–188.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino, T., Fried, B., Ichikawa, H. and Tada, I. (1996a) Rapid expulsion of the intestinal trematodes Echinostoma trivolvis and E. caproni from C3H mice by trapping with increased goblet cell mucins. International Journal for Parasitology 26, 319–324.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino, T., Fried, B. and Tada, I. (1993) The expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis: worm kinetics and intestinal cytopathology in conventional and congenitally athymic BALB/c mice. Parasitology 106, 297–304.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino, T., Ichikawa, H. and Fried, B. (1998a) The immunosuppressive compound FK506 does not affect expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis in C3H mice. Parasitology Research 84, 519–521.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino, T., Ichikawa, H., Fried, B. and Fukuda, K. (1996b) The expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis: suppressive effects of dexamethasone on goblet cell hyperplasia and worm rejection in C3H/Hen mice. Parasite 3, 283–289.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino, T., Ichikawa, H., Fried, B. and Fukuda, K. (1997) The expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis: worm kinetics and intestinal reactions in C3H/HeN mice treated with dexamethasone. Journal of Helminthology 71, 257–259.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino, T., Ichikawa, H., Fukuda, J. and Fried, B. (1998b) The expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis by goblet cell hyperplasia in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Parasite 5, 219–222.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk, T.K. and Fried, B. (1994) ELISA method for detecting anti-Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) immunoglobulins in experimentally infected ICR mice. Journal of Parasitology 80, 544–549.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk, T.K. and Fried, B. (1995) An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting anti-Echinostoma trivolvis (trematoda) IgG in experimentally infected ICR mice. Cross-reactivity with E. caproni. Parasitology Research 81, 710–712.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk, T.K. and Fried, B. (1998) Echinostomiasis: a common but forgotten food-borne disease. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 58, 501–504.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haseeb, M.A. and Fried, B (1988). Chemical communication in helminths. Advances in Parasitology 27, 169–207.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haseeb, M.A. and Fried, B. (1997) Modes of transmission of trematode infections and their control. In B. Fried and T.K. Graczyk (Eds), Advances in Trematode Biology. pp. 31–56. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosier, D.W. and Fried, B. (1986) Infectivity, growth, and distribution of Echinostoma revolutum in Swiss Webster and ICR mice. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 53, 173–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huffman, J.E. and Fried, B. (1990) Echinostoma and echinostomiasis. Advances in Parasitology 29, 215–269.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huffman, J. E. , Michos, C. and Fried, B. (1986) Clinical and pathological effects of Echinostoma revolutum (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) in the golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus. Parasitology 93, 505–515.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huffman, J.E., Alcaide, A. and Fried, B. (1988a) Single and concurrent infections of the golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus, with Echinostoma revolutum and E. liei (Trematoda: Digenea). Journal of Parasitology 74, 604–608.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huffman, J.E., Iglesias, D. and Fried, B. (1988b) Echinostoma revolutum: pathology of extraintestinal infection in the golden hamster. International Journal for Parasitology 18, 873–874.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ishih, A. (1992) Mucosal mast cell response to Hymenolepis diminuta infection in different rat strains. International Journal for Parasitology 22, 1033–1035.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kanev, I. (1994) Life cycle, delimitation and redescription of Echinostoma revolutum (Froelich, 1802) (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) with a discussion of its identity. Systematic Parasitology 28, 125–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kanev, I., Fried, B., Dimitrov, V. and Radev, V. (1995) Redescription of Echinostoma trivolvis (Cort, 1914) (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) with a discussion of its identity. Systematic Parasitology 32, 61–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kino, T., Hatanak, H., Hashimoto, M., Nishiyama, M., Goto, T., Okuhara, M., Kohsaka, M., Aoki, H. and Imanaka, H. (1987) FK-506, a novel immunosuppressant isolated from a Streptomyces. I. Fermentation, isolation, and physico-chemical and biological characteristics. Journal ofAntibiotics (Tokyo) 40, 1249–1255.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kusharyono, C. and Sukartinah, S. (1991) The current status of food-borne parasitic zoonoses in Indonesia. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 22, 8–10.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li, X. (1991) Food-borne parasitic zoonoses in the People’s Republic of China. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 22, 31–35.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lu, S.C. (1982) Echinostomiasis in Taiwan. International Journal of Zoonoses 9, 33–38.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKay, D.M., Halton, D.W., McCaigue, M.D., Johnston, C.F., Fairweather, I. and Shaw, C. (1990) Hymenolepis diminuta: intestinal goblet cell response to infection in male C57 mice. Experimental Parasitology71: 9–20.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKenzie, G.J., Bancroft, A., Grencis, R.K. and McKenzie, A.N.J. (1998) A distinct role for interleukin-13 in Th2-cell-mediated immune responses. Current Biology 12, 339–343.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maji, A.K., Bera, D.K., Manna, B., Nandy, A., Addy, M. and Bandyopadhyay, A.K. (1993). First record of human infection with Echinostoma maiayanum in India. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 87, 673.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohandas, A. and Nadakal, A.M. (1978) In vivo development of Echinostoma malayanum Leiper, 1911, with notes on effects of population density, chemical composition and pathogenicity and in vitro excystment of the metacercaria (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae). Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde 55, 139–151.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Odaibo, A.B., Christensen, N.Ø. and Ukoli, F.M.A. (1988) Establishment, survival and fecundity of Echinostoma caproni infections in NMRI mice. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 55, 265–269.

    Google Scholar 

  • Odaibo, A.B., Christensen, N.Ø. and Ukoli, F.M.A. (1989) Further studies on the population regulation in Echinostoma caproni infections in NMRI mice. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 56, 192–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Radomyos, P., Radomyos, B. and Tungtrongchitr, A. (1994) Multi-infection with helminths in adults from northeast Thailand as determined by post-treatment fecal examination of adult worms. Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 45, 133–135.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shi, B.B., Ishikawa, N., Itoh, H., Khan, A.I., Tsuchiya, K., Horii, Y. and Nawa, Y. (1995) Goblet cell hyperplasia induced by Strongyloides venezuelensis infection in Syrian golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus. International Journal for Parasitology 25, 399–402.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shinkai, Y., Rathbun, G., Lam, K-P., Oltz, E.M., Stewart, V., Mendelsohn, M., Charron, J., Datta, M., Young, F., Stall, A.M. and Alt, F.W. (1992) RAG-2-deficient mice lack mature lymphocytes owing to inability to initiate V(D)J rearrangement. Cell 68, 855–867.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simonsen, P.E., Bindseil, E. and Køaie, M. (1989) Echinostoma caproni in mice: studies on the attachment site of an intestinal trematode. International Journal for Parasitology 19, 561–566.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simonsen, P.E., Estambale, B.B. and Agger, M. (1991) Antibodies in the serum of golden hamsters experimentally infected with the intestinal trematode Echinostoma caproni. Journal of Helminthology 65, 239–247.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tangtrongchitr, A. and Monzon, R.B. (1991) Eating habits associated with Echinostorna malayanum infections in the Philippines. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 22(Suppl.), 212–216.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tiuria, R., Horii, Y., Makimura, S., Ishikawa, N., Tsuchiya, K. and Nawa, Y. (1995) Effect of testosterone on the mucosal defence against intestinal helminths in Indian soft-furred rats, Millardia meltada with reference to goblet and mast cell responses. Parasite Immunology 17, 479–484.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weinstein, M.S. and Fried, B. (1991) The expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis and retention of Echinostoma caproni in the ICR mouse: pathological effects. International Journal for Parasitology 21, 255–258.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, S., Hu, L. and Jiang, Z. (1994) Report of the first nationwide survey of the distribution of human parasites in China. 1. Regional distribution of parasite species. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases 12, 241–247.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Haseeb, M.A., Eveland, L.K. (2000). Human Echinostomiasis: Mechanisms of Pathogenesis and Host Resistance. In: Fried, B., Graczyk, T.K. (eds) Echinostomes as Experimental Models for Biological Research. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9606-0_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9606-0_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5392-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-015-9606-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics