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The Systematics of the Echinostomes

  • Chapter
Echinostomes as Experimental Models for Biological Research

Abstract

The family Echinostomatidae Looss, 1899 is a rather heterogeneous group of cosmopolitan, hermaphroditic digeneans that parasitize, as adults, numerous vertebrate hosts of all classes. This group exhibits a substantial taxonomic diversity (91 nominal genera are described), which is associated with the broad range of final hosts and a wide geographical distribution. Adult echinostomes are predominantly found in birds, but also parasitize mammals and occasionally reptiles and fishes. Their typical site of location is the intestine, but there are examples from the bile duct, gall bladder, ureters and urinary tubules of the kidneys, cloaca and bursa Fabricii of birds. The main distinguishing feature of the family Echinostomatidae is the presence of a circumoral head collar armed with one or two ventrally interrupted crowns of large spines. The pattern of the crown armature is an essential diagnostic character at both suprageneric and generic level, and in most cases the size of the spines is used at the species level. Consequently, illustrations of the collar spines, after cutting the entire collar at its base and mounting in glycerine, is desirable in order to study these characters accurately and consistently.

“For anyone who thinks all the world’s systematic problems are solved or easily solvable, a journey through these discussions in the echinostome literature would be exceedingly educational.”

(Roberts and Janovy, 2000)

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biodiversity, Central Laboratory of General Ecology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria

    A. Kostadinova

  2. Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, SW7 5BD, London, UK

    D. I. Gibson

Authors
  1. A. Kostadinova
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  2. D. I. Gibson
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Lafayette College, Easton, PA, USA

    Bernard Fried

  2. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Thaddeus K. Graczyk

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© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Kostadinova, A., Gibson, D.I. (2000). The Systematics of the Echinostomes. In: Fried, B., Graczyk, T.K. (eds) Echinostomes as Experimental Models for Biological Research. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9606-0_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9606-0_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5392-3

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