Abstract
Cracking at rail-end-bolt holes is a major safety issue and cause of premature rail replacement, imposition of rail speed restrictions and a significant factor in rail inspection and maintenance costs. The presence of residual compressive stresses around these bolt holes has been shown through exhaustive testing and field evaluation to minimize fatigue cracking and thereby extend inspection intervals and allow for higher axle loads. Split sleeve cold expansion is an economical and reliable method to pre-stress bolt holes during routine track maintenance or manufacture of new rail, joints and switches.
This paper reviews the evaluation of methods to overcome bolt hole fatigue failure. It describes the split sleeve cold expansion technique in detail and the mechanism by which these beneficial residual stresses effectively nullify fatigue causing cyclic tension loads and virtually eliminate the rail-end-bolt hole cracking problem.
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References
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© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
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Reid, L. (1993). Beneficial Residual Stresses at Bolt Holes by Cold Expansion. In: Kalker, J.J., Cannon, D.F., Orringer, O. (eds) Rail Quality and Maintenance for Modern Railway Operation. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8151-6_27
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8151-6_27
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-4267-5
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