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Antiviral Activity of Defective Interfering Influenza Virus in vivo

  • Chapter
Viral and Other Infections of the Human Respiratory Tract

Abstract

Defective interfering (DI) viruses have a long history; they were discovered as auto-interfering elements in influenza A virus preparations by von Magnus [74–76,78] and for many years were named after him. The term DI virus was used when it became clear that these mutants were not confined to influenza virus but comprised a unique class of defective virus with an almost universal distribution, and were redefined by Huang and Baltimore [59]. Interest in DI viruses reached a peak in the 1970s but then waned due to an over-extravagant expectation of their in vivo antiviral activity which was not forthcoming at that time. Now understanding has improved and it is possible to take a more optimistic view of the clinical potential of DI genomes, particularly in a prophylactic context. Recently, Baltimore [4] has advocated the use of ‘intracellular immunization’ as an antiviral approach applied to whole organisms, meaning the introduction into the cell of molecules, such as anti-sense RNAs or antibodies, with antiviral activity. Some, but not all, DI genomes fall into this category and these molecules are being analysed to determine the relationship between sequence and activity. Hopefully these can be engineered to improve that activity. This chapter is concerned with the transient resistance to experimental influenza in mice which is invoked by treatment with DI influenza viruses. It is thought that this has clinical potential in preventing influenza virus infection of humans, horses and poultry, all of which are naturally susceptible. Beyond this we look to the constitutive expression of DI RNA as a transgene in order to confer resistance to specific virus diseases.

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  1. Nigel J. Dimmock
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leicester, LE1 9HN, Leicester, UK

    Steven Myint (Professor of Clinical Microbiology) (Professor of Clinical Microbiology)

  2. MRC Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research Group, The Jefferiss Wing, St Mary’s Hospital Medical School, W2 1NY, London, UK

    David Taylor-Robinson (Professor and Head) (Professor and Head)

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© 1996 Chapman & Hall

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Dimmock, N.J. (1996). Antiviral Activity of Defective Interfering Influenza Virus in vivo . In: Myint, S., Taylor-Robinson, D. (eds) Viral and Other Infections of the Human Respiratory Tract. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7930-0_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7930-0_22

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