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Open Problems in the Derivation of Soil Quality Criteria from Ecotoxicity Experiments

  • Chapter
Contaminated Soil’93

Part of the book series: Soil & Environment ((SOEN,volume 2))

Abstract

The scientific basis for soil ecotoxicological risk assessment lags behind the urgencies of soil protection policy. This is not only due to problems of operational nature (test development, standardization of tests) but also due to fundamental scientific uncertainties. This paper discusses four major open problems in the light of recent achievements in soil ecotoxicology.

  1. 1

    Most of the attention in present evaluations is based on classical toxicological responses, while other end-points (loss of genetic variation, species replacement in communities) could be considered as well.

  2. 2

    Present assessments are based on the toxicity of a chemical while it is present in the soil; however chemicals may also be evaluated on the basis of the extent to which they affect the potential for ecological recovery after their disappearance from the soil.

  3. 3

    Complex mixtures of chemicals are usually evaluated on a substance by substance basis; the toxic unit model might be useful to enable a joint assessment of the risk.

  4. 4

    Much experimental work has still to be done to quantify the influence of various environmental factors on the toxicity of chemicals in soil.

    For each of the open problems some suggestions are given as to how solutions can be approached. It may be concluded that soil quality criteria derived from present information should be subjected to periodic revision when the major problems of soil ecotoxicology are going to be overcome.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands

    N. M. van Straalen

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  1. N. M. van Straalen
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Program Management “Low Pollution and Low Waste Processes”, Karlsruhe Nuclear Research Center (KfK), Karlsruhe, Germany

    F. Arendt

  2. Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Delft/Apeldoorn, The Netherlands

    G. J. Annokkée , R. Bosman  & W. J. Van Den Brink ,  & 

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van Straalen, N.M. (1993). Open Problems in the Derivation of Soil Quality Criteria from Ecotoxicity Experiments. In: Arendt, F., Annokkée, G.J., Bosman, R., Van Den Brink, W.J. (eds) Contaminated Soil’93. Soil & Environment, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2018-0_48

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2018-0_48

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4892-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-2018-0

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