Abstract
Subwavelength optical probes have been fabricated with micropipettes and nanofabricated optical fiber tips. A new near-field nanotechnology, photo-nanofabrication, has been developed, leading to a thousandfold miniaturization of immobilized Fiber Optical Chemical Sensors and to a billionfold decrease in necessary sample volume. Submicrometer pH sensors have been prepared by attaching a copolymer covalently to an activated nanofabricated fiber tip surface via near-field photo-polymerization. The sensors have demonstrated their excellent detection limit (zeptomoles) and fast response time (milliseconds). Applications of these subwavelength optical probes also include scanning tips, exciton probes and nanospectroscopy. Biological single cell analysis, supertip energy transfer, interfacial Kasha effect and near-field scanning spectroscopy illustrate our progress.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Betzig, E., Trautman, J. K., Harris, T. D., Weiner, J.S., and Kostelak, R. L. (1991). Breaking the diffraction barrier: optical microscopy on a nanometric scale, Science, 251, 1468.
Kasha, M. (1952) “Collisional perturbation of spin-orbital coupling and mechanism of fluorescence quenching. A visual demonstration of the perturbation”, J. Chem. Phys. 20, 71.
Kopelman, R. Smith, S. Tan, W., Zenobi, R., Lieberman, K and Lewis, A. (1992) “Spectral Analysis of Surfaces at Subwavelength Resolution”, SPIE, 1637, 33.
Lieberman, K, Harush, S., Lewis, A. and Kopelman, R. (1990) “A Light Source Smaller than the Optical Wavelength”, Science 247, 59–61.
Nau, H. and Scott, W. J. (1987) “Teratogenicity of Valproic Acid and Related Substances in the Mouse: Drug Accumulation and pHi in the Embryo During Organogenesis and Structure-Activity Considerations”, Arch. Toxicol., Suppl. 11, 128.
Pope, M., and Swenberg, E. (1982) Electronic Processes in Organic Crystals, Oxford Univ. Press, New York.
Tan, W., Shi, Z-Y., Smith, S., Birnbaum, D. and Kopelman, R. (1992a) “Submicrometer Intracellular Chemical Optical Fiber Sensors” Science 258, 778.
Tan, W., Shi, Z-Y. and Kopelman, R. (1992b) “Development of Submicrometer Chemical Fiber Optic Sensors”, Anal. Chem., 64(22).
Vogelmann, T. C., Knapp, A. K., McClean, T. M. and Smith, W. K. (1988). “Measurements of light within thin plant tissues with fiber optic microprobes”, physiologia Plantarum, 72, 623.
Wise, D. and Wingard, L. (1991). Biosensors with Fiberoptics, Humana Press, Clifton, New Jersey.
Wolfbeis, O.S. (1991) Fiber Optical Chemical Sensors and Biosensors, Vol. 1, CRC, Boca Raton, FL, p. 413.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kopelman, R., Tan, W., Shi, ZY., Birnbaum, D. (1993). Near Field Optical and Exciton Imaging, Spectroscopy and Chemical Sensors. In: Pohl, D.W., Courjon, D. (eds) Near Field Optics. NATO ASI Series, vol 242. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1978-8_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1978-8_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4873-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-1978-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive