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Zinc Uptake from Soils

  • Chapter
Zinc in Soils and Plants

Part of the book series: Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences ((DPSS,volume 55))

Abstract

Characterizing zinc availability by soil testing provides important information on the pool size of zinc potentially available for uptake. Concentrations of zinc in soil solution, particularly at high soil pH, however, are very low and mobility and transport to the root surface are usually rate limiting factors of soil supply. Utilization of potentially available zinc is thus mainly or exclusively confined to rhizosphere soil. Root-induced changes in the rhizosphere are of particular imporatance for zinc uptake from soils. In soils of high pH, rhizosphere acidification by supply of ammonium nitrogen, or for legumes by N2 fixation, are effective mechanisms in enhancing zinc mobilization. The same holds true for rhizosphere acidification or enhanced excretion of organic acids and chelators as root responses to deficiency of phosphorus or iron. Root colonization by VA mycorrhizae increases spatial availability of zinc similarly to that of phosphorus. Mycorrhizal plants usually have higher zinc contents in the shoot dry matter and are less sensitive to zinc deficiency than non-mycorrhizal plants. As a rule, all factors which impair root colonization by VA mycorrhizae, including high levels of soil or fertilizer phosphorus, tend to decrease zinc contents in plants and increase the risk of zinc deficiency in plants grown on soils low in extractable zinc. Marked genotypical differences in zinc efficiency are usually caused by differences in zinc acquisition from soils. In lowland rice zinc deficiency is widespread in neutral and alkaline soils. Elevated bicarbonate concentrations are the major factor responsible for low zinc contents in rice plants grown on high pH soils, high in organic matter. In such soils the high bicarbonate concentrations impair zinc uptake by direct inhibition of root growth and activtiy.

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Marschner, H. (1993). Zinc Uptake from Soils. In: Robson, A.D. (eds) Zinc in Soils and Plants. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 55. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0878-2_5

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