Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Criteria for Emotion-Antecedent Appraisal: A Review

  • Chapter
Cognitive Perspectives on Emotion and Motivation

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASID,volume 44))

Abstract

In reviewing classic theories of emotion and the disputes among adherents of competing traditions, one is struck by the remarkable lack of concern with the antecedent or eliciting conditions for emotional reactions. Most of the past and current controversies, e.g. central vs. peripheral control of feeling, universal vs. culturally specific affect states, unspecific arousal vs. discrete emotions, seem to have been orientated toward the different reaction components of the emotion process (physiological arousal, motor expression, subjective feeling) and the nature of their interrelationships. This is all the more surprising since it would seem that the analysis of the specificity of the emotional response systems requires an investigation into the specificity of the respective eliciting conditions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abelson, R.P. (1983). Whatever became of consistency theory? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 9, 37–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aristotle (1941). Ethica Nicomachea. In R. McKeon (Ed.) The basic works of Aristotle. New York: Random House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, M.B. (1960). Emotion and personality: Vol. 1. Psychological aspects. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Averill, J.R. (1968). Grief: Its nature and significance. Psychological Bulletin, 70, 721–748.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Averill, J.R. (1982). Anger and aggression: An essay on emotion. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A.T. (1967). Depression. New York: Harper and Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borg, I., Staufenbiel, Th., & Scherer, K.R. (in press). On the symbolic basis of shame and pride: A facet theory approach. In K.R. Scherer (Ed.), Facets of emotion: Recent research. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borg, I., Scherer, K.R., & Staufenbiel, T. (1986). Determinanten von Peinlichkeit und Scham: Ein facettentheoretischer Ansatz. Archiv für Psychologie, 138, 53–70.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bower, G.H., & Cohen, P.R. (1982). Emotional influences in memory and thinking. In M.S. Clark & S.T. Fiske (Eds.), Affect and cognition: The 7th Annual Carnegie Symposium on Cognition. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clore, G.L., & Ortony, A. (1984). Some issues for a cognitive theory of emotion. Cahiers de Psychologie Cognitive, 4, 53–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clore, G.L., Ortony, A., & Foss, M.A. (submitted). The structure of the affective lexicon. Manuscript submitted for publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahl, H., & Stengel, B. (1978). A classification of emotion words. Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Thought, 1, 269–312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davitz, J.R. (1969). The language of emotion. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Rivera, J. (1977). A structural theory of the emotions. Psychological Issues, 10, No. 4, Monograph 40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ekman, P. (1984). Expression and the nature of emotion. In K.R. Scherer & P. Ekman (Eds.), Approaches to emotion (pp. 319–344). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, S. (1984). Controversial issues in emotion theory. In P. Shaver (Ed.), Review of Personality and Social Psychology: Vol. 5. Emotions, Relationships, and Health (pp. 64–88). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fehr, B., & Russell, J.A. (1984). Concept of emotion viewed from a prototype perspective. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 113, 464–486.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Folger, R. (Ed.). (1984). The sense of injustice: Social psychological perspectives. New York: Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R.S. (1985). If it changes it must be a process: Study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 150–170.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frijda, N. (1986). The emotions. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frijda, N. (1987). Emotion, cognitive structure and action readiness. Cognition and Emotion, 1, 115–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frijda, N. (under review). Emotion in social psychology. In R.B. Zajonc, & S. Moscovici (Eds.). Emotions and social psychology. Book manuscript under review.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garber, J., & Seligman, M.E.P. (Eds.). (1980). Human helplessness: Theory and applications. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner, H.M., Metcalf, R.C., & Beebe-Center, J.G. (1937). Feeling and emotion: A history of theories. New York: American Book Co. (Reprint: Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms, 1980)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Gehm, Th., & Scherer, K.R. (1987). Emotionsantezedente Faktoren als subjektive Dimensionierungskriterien emotionsbeschreibender Adjektive. Sprache und Kognition, 2, 51–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gehm, Th., & Scherer, K.R. (in press). Relating situation evaluation to emotion differentiation: Nonmetric analysis of cross-cultural questionnaire data. In K.R. Scherer (Ed.), Facets of emotion: Recent research. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. (a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gehm, Th., & Scherer, K.R. (in press). Dimensions of subjective emotional space. In K.R. Scherer (Ed.), Facets of emotion: Recent research. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. (b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, F.K. (1979). Distinguishing among orienting, defense and startle reflexes. In H.D. Kimmel, E.H. van 0lst, & J.F. Orlebeke (Eds.), The orienting reflex in humans. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg. J.,& Cohen, R.L. (Eds.) (1982). Equity and justice in social behavior. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelsen, H. (1975). Was ist Gerechtigkeit? Hamburg: Deuticke.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kemper, T.D. (1978). A social interactional theory of emotions. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lang, P.J. (1984). Cognition in emotion: Concept and action. In C.E. Izard, J. Kagan, & R.B. Zajonc (Eds.), Emotions, cognition, and behavior (pp. 192–226). Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R.S. (1966). Psychological stress and the coping process. New York: McGraw Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R.S. (1974). Cognitive and coping processes in emotion. In B. Weiner (Ed.), Cognitive views of human motivation. New York: Academic Press, pp. 21–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R.S., Averill, J.R., & Opton, E.M. (1970). Towards a cognitive theory of emotion. In M.B. Arnold (Ed.), Feelings and emotions. New York: Academic Press, pp. 207–2 32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R.S., Kanner, A.D., & Folkman, S. (1980). Emotions: cognitive-phenomenological analysis. In R. Plutchik & H. Kellemiann (Eds.), Emotion. Theory, research, and experience (Vol. 1): Theories of emotion (pp. 189–217). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R.S. (1984). Thoughts on the relations between emotion and cognition. In K.R. Scherer & P. Ekman (Eds.), Approaches to emotion. (pp. 247–257). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. (a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R.S. (1984). On the primacy of cognition. American Psychologist, 39, 124–129. (b)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R.S., Coyne, J.C., & Folkman, S. (1984). Cognition, emotion and motivation: The doctoring of ‘humpty-dumpty’. In K.R. Scherer & P. Ekman (Eds.), Approaches to emotion, (pp. 221–237). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leventhal, H., & Scherer, K.R. (1987). The relationship of emotion and cognition: A functional approach to a semantic controversy. Cognition and Emotion, 1, 3–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lutz, C., & White, G.M. (1986). The anthropology of emotions. Annual Review of Anthropology, 15, 405–436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lyons, W. (1980). Emotion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Mees, U. (1985). Was meinen wir, wenn wir von Gefühlen reden? Zur psychologischen Textur von Emotionswörtern. Sprache und Kognition, 1, 2–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, J.P., & Mulherin, A. (1980). From attribution to helping: An analysis of the mediating effects of affect and expectancy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 201–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, S.M. (1981). Predictability and human stress: Toward clarification of evidence and theory. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol 14. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oatley, K., & Johnson-Laird, P.N. (1987). Towards a cognitive theory of emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 1, 29–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ortony, A., Clore, G., & Collins, A. (in press). Cognitive structure of emotion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Osgood, C.E., May, W.H., & Miron, M.S. (1975). Cross-cultural universais of affective meaning. Urbana, IL.: University of Illinois Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Panksepp, J. (1982). Toward a general psychobiological theory of emotions. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5, 407–422.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plutchik, R. (1962). The emotions: Facts, theories, and a new model. New York: Random House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plutchik, P. (1980). Emotion: A psychobioevolutionary synthesis. New York: Harper & Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reisenzein, R. (1983). The Schachter theory of emotion: Two decades later. Psychological Bulletin, 94, 239–264.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roseman, I.J. (1984). Cognitive determinants of emotion: A structural theory. In P. Shaver (Ed), Review of Personality and Social Psychology: Vol. 5. Emotions, Relationships, and Health (pp. 11–36). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rozin, P., & Fallon, A. (1987). A perspective on disgust. Psychological Review, 94, 23–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schachter, S., & Singer, J.E. (1962). Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional states. Psychological Review, 69, 379–399.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scherer, K.R. (1981) Wider die Vernachlässigung der Emotion in der Psychologie. In W. Michaelis (Ed.), Bericht über den 32. Kongreß der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie in Zürich 1980 (pp. 304–317). Göttingen: Hogrefe.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherer, K.R. (1983). Facet system for describing psychological states. Unpublished manuscript, University of Giessen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherer, K.R. (1984). On the nature and function of emotion: A component process approach. In K.R. Scherer & P. Ekman (Eds.), Approaches to emotion (pp. 293–318). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. (a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherer, K.R. (1984). Emotion as a multicomponent process: A model and some cross-cultural data. In P. Shaver & L. Wheeler (Eds.) Review of Personality and Social Psychology: Vol. 5. (pp.37–63). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. (b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherer, K.R. (1986). Emotion experiences across European cultures: A summary statement. In Scherer, K.R., Wallbott, H.G. & Summerfield, A.B. (Eds.), Experiencing emotion: A crosscultural study (pp. 172–190). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherer, K.R. (1986). Vocal affect expression: A review and a model for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 143–165. (b)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scherer, K.R. (under review). On discrete emotions and social motives: A reexamination. In R.B. Zajonc, & S. Moscovici (Eds.). Social psychology and the emotions. Manuscript under review.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherer, K.R., Abeles, R.P., & Fischer, C.S. (1975). Human aggression and conflict. Interdisciplinary perspectives. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherer, K.R., Wallbott, H.G. & Summerfield, A.B. (Eds.), (1986) Experiencing emotion: A crosscultural study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaver, P., Schwartz, J., Kirson, D., & O’Connor, C. (1987). Emotion knowledge: Further exploration of a prototype approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1061–1086.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shields, S.A. (1984). Distinguishing between emotion and nonemotion: Judgments about experience. Motivation and Emotion, 8, 355–369.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, C.A., & Ellsworth, P.C. (1985). Patterns of cognitive appraisal in emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 813–838.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, C.A., & Ellsworth, P.C. (1987). Patterns of appraisal and emotion related to taking an exam. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 475–488.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solomon, R. C. (1976). The passions, the myth and nature of human emotion. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein, N.L., & Jewett, J.L. (1982). A conceptual analysis of the meaning of negative emotions: Implications for a theory of development. In C.E. Izard (Ed.), Measuring emotions in infants and children (pp. 401–443). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steiner, J.E. (1979). Human facial expressions in response to taste and smell stimulation. In H.W. Reese & L.P. Lipsitt (Eds.), Advances in child developemnt and behavior (Vol. 13, pp. 257–295). New York: Academic Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Strongman, K.T. (1978). The psychology of emotion. London: Wiley. (2nd ed.; Orig. 1973).

    Google Scholar 

  • Von Wright, G. H. (1963). Norm and action. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallbott, H. & Scherer, K.R. (1986). How universal and specific is emotional experience. Social Science Information, 26, 763–795.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weiner, B. (1980). A cognitive (attribution) — emotion — action model of motivated behavior: An analysis of judgements of help-giving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 186–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weiner, B. (1982). The emotional consequences of causal attributions. In M.S. Clark & S.T. Fiske (Eds.), Affect and cognition (pp. 185–209): The 7th Annual Carnegie Symposium on Cognition. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiner, B. (1985). An attributional theory of achievement motivation and emotion. Psychological Review, 92, 548–573.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiner, B., Graham, S., & Chandler, C. (1982). An attributional analysis of pity, anger, and guilt. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 8, 226–232.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weiner, B., Russell, D., & Lerman, D. (1979). The cognition-emotion process in achievement-related contexts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1211–1220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zajonc, R.B. (1980). Thinking and feeling: Preferences need no inferences. American Psychologist, 35, 151–175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zajonc, R.B. (1984). On primacy of affect. In K.R. Scherer & P. Ekman (Eds.), Approaches to emotion. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, pp. 259–270.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zillmann, D. (1978). Attribution and misattribution of excitatory reactions. In J.H. Harvey, W. Ickes, & R.F. Kidd (Eds.) New directions in attribution research (Vol.2). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Geneva, Switzerland

    Klaus R. Scherer

  2. University of Giessen, Germany

    Klaus R. Scherer

Authors
  1. Klaus R. Scherer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Reading, UK

    Vernon Hamilton

  2. Stanford University, USA

    Gordon H. Bower

  3. University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Nico H. Frijda

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Scherer, K.R. (1988). Criteria for Emotion-Antecedent Appraisal: A Review. In: Hamilton, V., Bower, G.H., Frijda, N.H. (eds) Cognitive Perspectives on Emotion and Motivation. NATO ASI Series, vol 44. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2792-6_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2792-6_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7756-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-2792-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation