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The Granulites of the Jequié Complex and Atlantic Coast Mobile Belt, Southern Bahia, Brazil — An Expression of Archean/Early Proterozoic Plate Convergence

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Granulites and Crustal Evolution

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASIC,volume 311))

Abstract

The granulite belt of the eastern atlantic coast of Brazil constitutes one of the largest outcropping granulite complexes in the world. The studied region, with an extension of about 22300 km2, is found in this belt, in the southern part of the Bahia State. In the northwestern part of this region occur cogenetic, enderbitic-charnockitic plutonics, which were intruded by gabbros-norites-anorthosites and which were all re-equilibrated in granulite facies. In the same region the supercrustals are volcano-sedimentary rocks constituted by intercalated bands of felsic granulites and mafic granulites, the latter having a chemical composition similar to that of basalts or gabbros from ocean-floor or back-arc basins. Garnetiferous quartzites, kinzigites and banded iron formations are also present in this supracrustal sequence (unmigmatized zones). These supracrustal rocks are occasionally migmatized in granulite facies (migmatized zone). In the central part occur essentially intercalated amphibolites and felsic gneisses, with similar chemical characteristics as those of the northwestern part, but metamorphosed in high grade amphibolite facies. Migmatites are also found in this part. The rocks of the southeastern part of the region are metamorphosed in the granulite facies and are composed of volcanic and plutonic lithologies with a composition similar to modern island arcs, including shoshonitic rocks, fully developed calc-alkaline series, incomplete tholeiitic series and basalts rich in Fe-Ti, with K content increasing towards the northwest.

The spacial arrangement and the characteristics of the protoliths of these lithologies metamorphosed in high grade strongly suggest a west-dipping subduction zone below the southeastern part and a collision zone in the central part of the region, where there is a greater dominance of mafic rocks in the granulite and amphibolite facies with a chemistry similar to that of basalts and/or gabbros from ocean-floor or back-arc basins. Mineral chemical data indicate that the main granulitic metamorphism was of the high-temperature, intermediate-pressure type (HT-IP), with peak metamorphic temperatures estimated at 850°C and pressures around 5–7 Kb. The metamorphic climax with age of aproximately 2.0 Ga was reached after major ductile deformations ceased. Retrograde metamorphism is identifiable in the region, specially where ultramylonites occur. In these zones the granulites were re-equilibrated to amphibolite or greenschist facies. Comparison of similar mafic lithotypes in amphibolite and granulite facies rocks within a transition zone suggests that the amphibolite-granulite prograde reactions were isochemical. Nevertheless, comparisons between lithologies of the unmigmatized and migmatized zones show that K, Rb and Sr were mobilized during granulitic migmatization.

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  1. Companhia Baiana de Pesquisa Mineral Superintendência de Geologia e Recursos Minerais, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Caetano Moura, 123 Federação, 40210, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

    J. S. F. Barbosa

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  1. Département de Géologie, CNRS-URA 10, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    D. Vielzeuf  & Ph. Vidal  & 

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Barbosa, J.S.F. (1990). The Granulites of the Jequié Complex and Atlantic Coast Mobile Belt, Southern Bahia, Brazil — An Expression of Archean/Early Proterozoic Plate Convergence. In: Vielzeuf, D., Vidal, P. (eds) Granulites and Crustal Evolution. NATO ASI Series, vol 311. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2055-2_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2055-2_11

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