Abstract
The wild ancestors of sugar beet evolved on sea coasts, which may be the underlying reason for the crop’s ability to survive salinity and drought better than most other field crops. With regard to salinity, only cotton and barley are more tolerant. Attributes of sugar beet that confer salt and drought tolerance are its long vegetative growth phase without a sensitive flowering stage, its deep root system and its capacity for osmotic adjustment. Sugar beet is adversely affected by waterlogging but can tolerate a water table at about one metre. Once the crop is established, it is not directly harmed by heavy rain or irrigation; wet conditions do, however, aggravate some problems, including various diseases, leaching of available nitrogen and harvesting difficulties.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amaducci, M.T., Caliandro, A., Cavazza, L., De Caro, A. and Venturi, G. (1976). Effects of irrigation on different sugar beet varieties in different locations and years. Proceedings of the 39th Winter Congress of the International Institute for Sugar Beet Research, pp. 423–48.
Ayars, J. E., Hutmacher, R.B., Hoffman, G.J., Letey, J., Ben-Asher, J. and Solomon, K.H. (1990). Response of sugar beet to non-uniform irrigation. Irrigation Science, 11, 101–9.
Benz, L.C., Doering, E.J. and Reichman, G.A. (1985). Water-table and irrigation effects on corn and sugarbeet. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 28, 1951–6.
Brereton, J.C., McGowan, M. and Dawkins, T.C.K. (1986). The relative sensitivity of spring barley, spring field beans and sugar beet crops to soil compaction. Field Crops Research, 13, 223–37.
Brown, K.F. and Biscoe, P.V. (1985). Fibrous root growth and water use of sugar beet. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 105, 679–91.
Brown, K.F. and Dunham, R.J. (1989). Recent progress on the fibrous root system of sugar beet. In World Sugar and Sweetener Yearbook 1989, F.O. Licht GmbH, Ratzburg, pp. F5–F13.
Brown, K.F., McGowan, M. and Armstrong, M.J. (1987a). Response of the components of sugar beet leaf water potential to a drying soil profile. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 109, 437–44.
Brown, K.F., Messem, A.B., Dunham, R.J. and Biscoe, P.V. (1987b). Effect of drought on growth and water use of sugar beet. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 109, 421–35.
Brown, K.W. and Rosenberg, N.J. (1971). Energy and C02 balance of an irrigated sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) field in the Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 63, 207–13.
Caliandro, A. and Tarantino, E. (1976). Variation of the évapotranspiration in irrigated sugar beet during the cropping season in southern Italy. Proceedings of the 39th Winter Congress of the International Institute for Sugar Beet Research, pp. 197–210.
Camprag, D. (1976). The effect of irrigation on the occurrence of some important sugar beet pests in Yugoslavia and other countries of southeastern Europe. Proceedings of the 39th Winter Congress of the International Institute for Sugar Beet Research, pp. 449–57.
Cassel, D.K. and Bauer, A. (1976). Irrigation schedules for sugarbeets on medium and coarse textured soils in the Northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 68, 45–8.
Cavazza, L., Venturi, G. and Amaducci, M.T. (1976). Outlines on the state of irrigation of the sugar beet in the world. Proceedings of the 39th Winter Congress of the International Institute for Sugar Beet Research, pp. 211–64.
Christmann, J. (1976). Relations entre l’irrigation, les maladies et les ravageurs de la betterave à sucre. Proceedings of the 39th Winter Congress of the International Institute for Sugar Beet Research, pp. 149–57.
Davidoff, B. and Hanks, R.J. (1989). Sugar beet production as influenced by limited irrigation. Irrigation Science, 10, 1–17.
Davies, W.J. and Jeffcoat, B. (1990). Importance of Root to Shoot Communication in the Responses to Environmental Stress. BSPGR Monograph 21, British Society for Plant Growth Regulation, Bristol. 398 pp.
Day, W., Lawlor, D.W. and Day, A.T. (1987). The effect of drought on barley yield and water use in two contrasting years. Irrigation Science, 8, 115–30.
Doorenbos, J. and Pruitt, W.O. (1984). Crop Water Requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 24. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome. 144 pp.
Draycott, A.P. and Messern, A.M. (1977). Response by sugar beet to irrigation, 1965–75. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 89, 481–93.
Dunham, R.J. (1989). Irrigating sugar beet in the United Kingdom. In Proceedings of the 2nd Northwest European Irrigation Conference, Silsoe 1987. United Kingdom Irrigation Association and Cranfield Press, pp. 109–29.
Durrant, M.J., Love, B.J.G., Messern, A.B. and Draycott, A.P. (1973). Growth of crop roots in relation to soil moisture extraction. Annals of Applied Biology, 74, 387–94.
Ehlig C.F. and LeMert, R.D. (1979). Water use and yields of sugarbeets over a range from excessive to limited irrigation. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 43, 403–7.
Fick, G.W., Williams, W.A. and Loomis, R.S. (1971). Recovery from partial defoliation and root pruning in sugar beet. Crop Science, 11, 718–21.
Fick, G.W., Williams, W.A. and Ulrich, A. (1972). Parameters of the fibrous root system of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Crop Science, 12, 108–12.
Fick, G.W., Loomis, R.S. and Williams, W.A. (1975). Sugar beet. In Crop Physiology (ed. L.T. Evans), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 259–95.
French, B.K., Long, I.F. and Penman, H.L. (1973). Water use by farm crops. I: Test of the neutron meter on barley, beans and sugar beet, 1970. In Rothamsted Experimental Station Report for 1972, Part 2, pp. 5–42.
Ghariani, S. A. (1981). Impact of variable irrigation water supply on yield-determining parameters and seasonal water-use efficiency of sugar beets. PhD Thesis, University of California, Davis. 153 pp.
Haddock, J.L., Taylor, S.A. and Milligan C.H. (1974). Irrigation, fertilization, and soil management of crops in rotation.Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University, Logan, Bulletin 49, 33 pp.
Hang, A.N. and Miller, D.E. (1986a). Responses of sugarbeet to deficit, high-frequency sprinkler irrigation. I: Sucrose accumulation, and top and root dry matter production. Agronomy Journal, 78,10–14.
Hang, A.N. and Miller, D.E. (1986b). Responses of sugarbeet to deficit, high-frequency sprinkler irrigation. II: Sugar beet development and partitioning to root growth. Agronomy Journal, 78, 15–18.
Hanson, A.D. and Wyse, R. (1982). Biosynthesis, translocation, and accumulation of betaine in sugar beet and its progenitors in relation to salinity. Plant Physiology, 70, 1191–8.
Henderson, D.W., Hills, F.J., Loomis, R.J. and Nourse, E.F. (1968). Soil moisture conditions, nutrient uptake and growth of sugarbeets as related to method of irrigation of an organic soil. Journal of the American Society of Sugar Beet Technologists, 15, 35–48.
Hexem, R.W. and Heady, CF. (1978). Water Production Functions for Irrigated Agriculture. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa. 215 pp.
Hills, F.J., Winter, S.R. and Henderson, D.W. (1990). Sugar beet. In Irrigation of Agricultural Crops. Agronomy Monograph no. 30 (eds B.A. Stewart and D.R. Nielsen). American Society of Agronomy, Madison, pp. 795–810.
Howell, T.A., Ziska, L.H., McCormick, R.L., Burtch, L.M. and Fischer, B.B. (1987). Response of sugarbeets to irrigation frequency and cutoff on a clay loam soil. Irrigation Science, 8, 1–11.
Idso, S.B. (1982). Non-water-stressed baselines: a key to measuring and interpreting plant water stress. Agricultural Meteorology, 27, 59–70.
Jackson, R.D. (1982). Canopy temperature and crop water stress. Advances in Irrigation, 1, 43–85.
Johnson, W.C. and Davis, R.G. (1971). Growth patterns of irrigated sugarbeet roots and tops. Agronomy Journal, 63, 649–52.
Jones, H.G., Flowers, T.J. and Jones, M.B. (1989). Plants under Stress. Society for Experimental Biology Seminar Series 39, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 257 pp.
Kohl, R.A. and Cary, J.W. (1969). Sugarbeet yields unaffected by afternoon wilting. Journal of the American Society of Sugar Beet Technologists, 15, 416–21.
Lansford, V.D., Winter, S.R. and Harman, W.L. (1989). Irrigated sugarbeet root yield response in the Texas High Plains. Journal of Sugar Beet Research, 26, 50–62.
Last, P.J., Draycott, A.P., Messern, A.B. and Webb, D.J. (1983). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation on sugar beet at Broom’s Barn 1973–8. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 101, 185–205.
Lawlor, D.W. and Milford, G.F.J. (1975). The control of water and carbon dioxide flux in water-stressed sugar beet. Journal of Experimental Botany, 26, 657–65.
Longden, P.C. and Johnson, M.G. (1975). Irrigating the sugar beet seed crop in England. Experimental Husbandry, 29, 97–101.
McCree, K.J., Fernandez, C.J. and Ferraz de Oliveira, R. (1990). Visualizing interactions of water stress responses with a whole-plant simulation model. Crop Science, 30, 294–300.
Milford, G.F.J. (1975). Effects of mist irrigation on the physiology of sugar beet. Annals of Applied Biology, 80, 247–50.
Milford, G.F.J, and Lawlor, D.W. (1975). Effects of varying air and soil moisture on the water relations and growth of sugar beet. Annals of Applied Biology, 80, 93–102.
Milford, G.F.J, and Lawlor, D.W. (1976). Water and physiology of sugar beet. Proceedings of the 39th Winter Congress of the International Institute for Sugar Beet Research, pp. 95–108.
Milford, G.F.J., Pocock, T.O. and Riley, J. (1985a). An analysis of leaf growth in sugar beet. II: Leaf appearance in field crops. Annals of Applied Biology, 106, 173–85.
Milford, G.F.J., Pocock, T.O., Riley, J. and Messem, A.B. (1985b). An analysis of leaf growth in sugar beet. III: Leaf expansion in field crops. Annals of Applied Biology, 106, 187–203.
Miller, D.E. and Aarstad, J.S. (1976). Yields and sugar content of sugarbeets as affected by deficit high-frequency irrigation. Agronomy Journal, 68, 231–4.
Monteith, J.L. (1988). Does transpiration limit the growth of vegetation or vice versa? Journal of Hydrology, 100, 57–68.
Nardi, L. (1990). L’irrigation de la betterave porte-graine. Bulletin de la Federation Nationale des Agriculteurs Multiplicateurs des Semences, 111, 55–8.
OToole, J.C., Turner, N.C., Namuco, O.P., Dingkuhn, M. and Gomez, K.A. (1984). Comparison of some crop water stress measurement methods. Crop Science, 24,1121–8.
Passioura, J.B. (1988). Water transport in and to roots. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 39, 245–65.
Penman, H.L. (1970). Woburn irrigation, 1960–8. VI: Results for rotation crops. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 75, 89–102.
Penning de Vries, F.W.T., Jansen, D.M., ten Berge, H.F.M. and Bakema, A. (1989). Transpiration and water uptake. In Simulation of Ecophysiological Processes of Growth in Several Annual Crops. Simulation Monograph no. 29. Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation (Pudoc), Wageningen, pp.117–46.
Plaut, Z. and Heuer, B. (1985). Adjustment, growth, photosynthesis and transpiration of sugar beet plants exposed to saline conditions. Field Crops Research, 10, 1–13.
Pruitt, W.O., Lourence, F.J. and von Oettingen, S. (1972). Water use by crops as affected by climate and plant factors. California Agriculture, October 1972, 10–14.
Reichman, G.A., Doering, E.J., Benz, L.C. and Follett, R.F. (1977). Effects of water-table depth and irrigation on sugarbeet yield and quality. Journal of the American Society of Sugar Beet Technologists, 19, 275–87.
Rhoades, J.D. and Loveday, J. (1990). Salinity in irrigated agriculture. In Irrigation of Agricultural Crops. Agronomy Monograph no. 30 (eds B.A. Stewart and D.R. Nielsen), American Society of Agronomy Inc., Madison, pp. 1089–1142.
Robelin, M. and Mingeau, M. (1970). Alimentation en eau et croissance de la betterave. Journal of the International Institute for Sugar Beet Research, 5, 71–86.
Roth, D., Günther, R. and Roth, R. (1988). Transpirationskoeffizienten und Wasserausnutzungsraten landwirtschaftlicher Fruchtarten. I. Archiv fur Ackerund Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde, 32, 392–403.
Salter, P.J. and Goode, J.E. (1967). Crop Responses to Water at Different Stages of Growth. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal. 246 pp.
Sepaskhah, A.R., Nazemossadat, S.M.J, and Kamgar-Haghighi, A.A. (1988). Estimation of upper limit canopy to air temperature differential for sugarbeet using indirect measurement of turgor potential. Iran Agricultural Research, 7, 107–22.
Sharma, M.L. (1985). Estimating evapotranspiration. Advances in Irrigation, 3, 213–81.
Slatyer, R.O. (1967). Plant-Water Relationships. Academic Press, London. 366 pp.
Stegman, E.C. and Bauer, A. (1977). Sugar beet response to water stress in sandy soils. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineering, 20, 469–77.
Stieber, J. and Beringer, H. (1984). Dynamic and structural relationships among leaves, roots, and storage tissue in the sugar beet. Botanical Gazette, 145, 465–73.
Tanner, C.B. and Sinclair, T.R. (1983). Efficient water use in crop production: research or re-search? In Limitations to Efficient Water Use in Crop Production (eds H.M. Taylor, W.R. Jordan and T.R. Sinclair), American Society of Agronomy, Inc., Madison, pp. 1–27.
Tariq, M. and Aziz, A. (1982). Consumptive use of water for sugar beets in Peshawar. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 3, 231–40.
Thompson, N., Barrie, I.A. and Ayles, M. (1981). The Meteorological Office Rainfall and Evaporation Calculation System: MORECS (July 1981). Meteorological Office, Bracknell. 69 pp.
Turner, N.C. (1986). Crop water deficits: a decade of progress. Advances in Agronomy, 39, 1–51.
van der Ploeg, R.R., Beese, F., Strebel, O. and Renger, M. (1978). The water balance of a sugar beet crop: a model and some experimental evidence. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernahrung und Bodenkunde, 141, 313–28.
Vukov, K. (1977). Physics and Chemistry of Sugar-beet in Sugar Manufacture. Elsevier Scientific Publishing, Amsterdam. 595 pp.
Waldron, L.J., Terry, N. & Nemson, J.A. (1985). Diurnal cycles of leaf extension in unsalinized and salinized Beta vulgaris. Plant, Cell and Environment, 8, 207–11.
Weaver, J.E. (1926). Root Development of Field Crops. McGraw-Hill, New York. 291 pp.
Winter, S.R. (1988). Influence of seasonal irrigation amount on sugarbeet yield and quality. Journal of Sugar Beet Research, 25, 1–9.
Winter, S.R. (1990). Sugarbeet response to nitrogen as affected by seasonal irrigation. Agronomy Journal, 82, 984–8.
Yamaguchi, J. and Tanaka, A. (1990). Quantitative observation on the root system of various crops growing in the field. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 36, 483–93.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Chapman & Hall
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dunham, R.J. (1993). Water use and irrigation. In: Cooke, D.A., Scott, R.K. (eds) The Sugar Beet Crop. World Crop Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0373-9_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0373-9_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6654-9
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-0373-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive