Abstract
The discovery of thriving communities of invertebrates at deep-sea hydrothermal vents gave us our first insights into a new community based on chemosynthesis. A major contributor to the base of the food chain was sulfur-oxidizing chemoautotrophic bacteria found within the invertebrates, including vestimentiferan tubeworms, vesicomyid clams, and mytilid mussels (see reviews Cavanaugh 1994, Fisher 1990). In these associations, the bacterial endosymbionts are hypothesized to provide the animal host with a source of nutrition via production of organic compounds from CO2. The main evidence that the symbionts are autotrophic is the co-occurrence of Gram-negative bacteria and activities of ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO), the CO2-fixing enzyme of the Calvin-Benson cycle, in specific animal tissues.
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Cavanaugh, C.M., Robinson, J.J. (1996). CO2 Fixation in Chemoautotroph-Invertebrate Symbioses: Expression of Form I and Form II RubisCO. In: Lidstrom, M.E., Tabita, F.R. (eds) Microbial Growth on C1 Compounds. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0213-8_38
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0213-8_38
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