Abstract
Ecosystem services are the benefits provided to people by ecosystems and biodiversity. Fresh water is a ‘provisioning’ service referring to the human use of fresh water for several purposes. The hydrological cycle also sustains inland water ecosystems, including rivers, lakes and wetlands. These ecosystems provide regulating, supporting and cultural services that contribute directly and indirectly to human well-being through recreation, scenic values and fisheries. To maintain ecosystem health or ecosystem integrity, external or internal perturbations must be kept below the carrying capacity.
Anthropogenic disturbances of freshwater resources as a consequence of tourism are diverse. In many regions of the world, lakes and ponds in particular are important freshwater habitats providing significant attraction for the public. Impacts to lakes from tourist activities occur directly to the lake water and shoreline, or can affect the water body indirectly through various actions in the catchment. The response of a specific freshwater ecosystem depends on the type of interference as well as the type and size of the lake. Shallow lakes are affected and hence behave differently from deep lakes. Large lakes react in a different way than small lakes. Impacts are also modified and mediated by the characteristics of the catchment, such as morphology, size, land-use and population structure.
Impacts to tourist lakes are classified as direct and indirect effects and are analysed and exemplified.
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Dokulil, M. (2014). Environmental Impacts of Tourism on Lakes. In: Ansari, A., Gill, S. (eds) Eutrophication: Causes, Consequences and Control. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7814-6_7
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