Abstract
In the North Indian Ocean (NIO) bounded by longitudes 30o E and 100o E, north of the equator, Tropical Cyclones (TC) with wind speed 34 knots or more occur mainly during the pre-monsoon months April-May and the postmonsoon months October-December. During the summer monsoon season June to September, TC are few but we get Monsoon Depressions (MD) in large numbers that differ from TC in their intensity, asymmetry of winds around the centre, tilt of the circulation centre with height, vertical wind shear in the environment etc. We have studied the climate change in TC and MD using the data available for the 119 years 1891 to 2009 (IMD hard copy and e-atlases on cyclones and annual cyclone reports published in the IMD quarterly journal Mausam). Gray (1979) using 20 years of data has shown that the global tropics has seven ocean basins producing about 80 tropical cyclones in a year in which only six are from NIO. It is well known that the cyclones of NIO have caused the maximum loss of human life. The death toll in a single one, the Bangladesh cyclone of November 1970, has been estimated to be about 300,000.
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Krishnamohan, K.S., Mohanakumar, K., Joseph, P.V. (2014). Climate Change in Tropical Cyclones and Monsoon Depressions of North Indian Ocean. In: Mohanty, U.C., Mohapatra, M., Singh, O.P., Bandyopadhyay, B.K., Rathore, L.S. (eds) Monitoring and Prediction of Tropical Cyclones in the Indian Ocean and Climate Change. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7720-0_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7720-0_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
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