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Carbonic Anhydrase IX as an Imaging and Therapeutic Target for Tumors and Metastases

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Carbonic Anhydrase: Mechanism, Regulation, Links to Disease, and Industrial Applications

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 75))

Abstract

Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) which is a zinc containing metalloprotein, efficiently catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. It is constitutively up-regulated in several cancer types and has an important role in tumor progression, acidification and metastasis. High expression of CAIX generally correlates with poor prognosis and is related to a decrease in the disease-free interval following successful therapy. Therefore, it is considered as a prognostic indicator in oncology.

In this review, we describe CAIX regulation and its role in tumor hypoxia, acidification and metastasis. In addition, the molecular imaging of CAIX and its potential for use in cancer detection, diagnosis, staging, and for use in following therapy response is discussed. Both antibodies and small molecular weight compounds have been used for targeted imaging of CAIX expression. The use of CAIX expression as an attractive and promising candidate marker for systemic anticancer therapy is also discussed.

Susan C. Frost and Robert McKenna (eds.). Carbonic Anhydrase: Mechanism, Regulation, Links to Disease, and Industrial Applications

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA

    Narges K. Tafreshi, Robert J. Gillies & David L. Morse

  2. Analytical Microscopy Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA

    Mark C. Lloyd

  3. Analytical Microscopy Core Facility and Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA

    Marilyn M. Bui

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  1. Narges K. Tafreshi
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  2. Mark C. Lloyd
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  3. Marilyn M. Bui
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  4. Robert J. Gillies
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  5. David L. Morse
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Correspondence to David L. Morse .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Susan C. Frost

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Robert McKenna

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Tafreshi, N.K., Lloyd, M.C., Bui, M.M., Gillies, R.J., Morse, D.L. (2014). Carbonic Anhydrase IX as an Imaging and Therapeutic Target for Tumors and Metastases. In: Frost, S., McKenna, R. (eds) Carbonic Anhydrase: Mechanism, Regulation, Links to Disease, and Industrial Applications. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 75. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7359-2_12

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