Definition
Second sound refers to a wavelike heat transportation. It differs greatly from diffusive heat propagation according to Fourier’s law of heat conduction. It can be found in very pure crystalline solids (in the vicinity of the local thermal conductivity maximum at cryogenic temperatures) as well as in fluids below the lambda point.
Overview
In most cases, heat conduction is a diffusive process which is accurately described by Fourier’s law of heat conduction. Fourier’s law leads to the well-known diffusive, parabolic temperature equation.
In very pure crystalline solids, the phenomenon of second sound may occur. Second sound refers to the propagation of sound waves in phonon gas causing thermal waves, and its name is due to collective excitations in the phonon gas which are similar to the propagation of sound waves in ordinary gases. In the experiments (e.g., [2, 6, 7, 13, 14]), two independent modes of wave propagation are observed: classical first sound and thermal second...
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Bargmann, S. (2014). Second Sound Waves in Solids. In: Hetnarski, R.B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Thermal Stresses. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2739-7_932
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2739-7_932
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