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Discrimination, Chronic Stress, and Mortality Among Black Americans: A Life Course Framework

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International Handbook of Adult Mortality

Part of the book series: International Handbooks of Population ((IHOP,volume 2))

Abstract

We use a life course framework to analyze lifetime patterns of mortality among black Americans. Using this framework directs attention to specific questions regarding the potential causes of racial group differentials in mortality, and we hope moves the field toward more comprehensive and testable explanations. The work on aging, the life course, and health has long highlighted the racial crossover effect in late-life mortality (e.g., Johnson 2000). While there are heated debates about the causes of this racial crossover in the United States (e.g., Johnson 2000; Preston et al. 1996), demographers have noted its existence in both cross-sectional population-level data, and in longitudinal panel studies (Johnson 2000). Gibson (Gibson 1991, 1994; Gibson and Jackson 1987) speculated that the racial crossover is based upon a series of mortality sweeps beginning in the black population in midlife, thereby leaving a hardier group of blacks in very older ages whose probability of survival in comparison to whites’ reverses and becomes more favorable.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Social Research, and Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48106, USA

    James S. Jackson

  2. Kellogg Health Scholar at the Center on Social Disparities in Health, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Center on Social Disparities in Health, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA

    Darrell Hudson

  3. Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48106, USA

    Kiarri Kershaw (Ph.D. student in the Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health)

  4. Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23250, USA

    Briana Mezuk (Assistant Professor in the Department of Epidemiology and Community Health)

  5. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48106, USA

    Jane Rafferty (Research Associate in the School of Social Work and Institute for Social Research)

  6. Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Katherine Knight Tuttle (Project Director of IPSOS Marketing)

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Correspondence to James S. Jackson .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Sociology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, 80309-0327, Colorado, USA

    Richard G. Rogers

  2. Davis School of Gerontology, Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, McClintock Ave. 3715, Los Angeles, 90089-0191, California, USA

    Eileen M. Crimmins

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Jackson, J.S., Hudson, D., Kershaw, K., Mezuk, B., Rafferty, J., Tuttle, K.K. (2011). Discrimination, Chronic Stress, and Mortality Among Black Americans: A Life Course Framework. In: Rogers, R., Crimmins, E. (eds) International Handbook of Adult Mortality. International Handbooks of Population, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9996-9_15

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