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Non-coding RNAs: New Players in the Field of Eukaryotic DNA Replication

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Genome Stability and Human Diseases

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 50))

Abstract

The machinery required for the replication of eukaryotic chromosomal DNA is made up of proteins whose function, structure and main interaction partners are evolutionarily conserved. Several new cases have been reported recently, however, in which non-coding RNAs play additional and specialised roles in the initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication in different classes of organisms. These non-coding RNAs include Y RNAs in vertebrate somatic cells, 26T RNA in somatic macronuclei of the ciliate Tetrahymena, and G-rich RNA in the Epstein-Barr DNA tumour virus and its human host cells. Here, I will give an overview of the experimental evidence in favour of roles for these non-coding RNAs in the regulation of eukaryotic DNA replication, and compare and contrast their biosynthesis and mechanisms of action.

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Abbreviations

ARS:

autonomously replicating sequence

CDK:

cyclin-dependent kinase

DS:

dyad symmetry element

EBER1:

EBV-encoded small nuclear RNA 1

EBNA1:

Epstein Barr virus nuclear antigen 1

EBV:

Epstein Barr virus

FMRP:

fragile X mental retardation protein

GINS:

go-ichi-ni-san (five-one-two-three in Japanese)

HMG:

high mobility group

hY RNA:

human Y RNA

LR:

linking region

MCM:

mini-chromosome maintenance

ORC:

origin recognition complex

OriP:

origin of plasmid replication

PCNA:

proliferating cell nuclear antigen

rDNA:

ribosomal DNA

RFC:

replication factor C

RGG:

arginine/glycine-rich repeats

RNP:

ribonucleoprotein

RPA:

replication protein A

rRNA:

ribosomal RNA

TIF:

type I element binding factor

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Acknowledgements

I thank Christo P Christov, Cath Green, Alexander R Langley and Aloys Schepers for critical reading of the manuscript. Research in my laboratory is funded by Cancer Research UK.

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  1. Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK

    Torsten Krude

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  1. Galway, Ireland

    Heinz-Peter Nasheuer

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Krude, T. (2010). Non-coding RNAs: New Players in the Field of Eukaryotic DNA Replication. In: Nasheuer, HP. (eds) Genome Stability and Human Diseases. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 50. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3471-7_6

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