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Electrical Bursting, Calcium Oscillations, and Synchronization of Pancreatic Islets

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The Islets of Langerhans

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 654))

Abstract

Oscillations are an integral part of insulin secretion and are ultimately due to oscillations in the electrical activity of pancreatic β-cells, called bursting. In this chapter we discuss islet bursting oscillations and a unified biophysical model for this multi-scale behavior. We describe how electrical bursting is related to oscillations in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration within β-cells and the role played by metabolic oscillations. Finally, we discuss two potential mechanisms for the synchronization of islets within the pancreas. Some degree of synchronization must occur, since distinct oscillations in insulin levels have been observed in hepatic portal blood and in peripheral blood sampling of rats, dogs, and humans. Our central hypothesis, supported by several lines of evidence, is that insulin oscillations are crucial to normal glucose homeostasis. Disturbance of oscillations, either at the level of the individual islet or at the level of islet synchronization, is detrimental and can play a major role in type 2 diabetes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Bernard Fendler, Pranay Goel, Craig Nunemaker, Morten Gram Pedersen, Brad Peercy, and Min Zhang for collaboration on some of the work described herein. RB is supported by NSF grant 0613179. AS is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH (NIDDK). LS is supported by NIH grant RO1 DK 46409.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA

    Richard Bertram

  2. Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Arthur Sherman

  3. Department of Pharmacology, and Brehm Diabetes Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA

    Leslie S. Satin

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  1. Richard Bertram
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Correspondence to Richard Bertram .

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  1. Dept. Clinical Research & Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 118 83, Sweden

    Md. Shahidul Islam

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Bertram, R., Sherman, A., Satin, L.S. (2010). Electrical Bursting, Calcium Oscillations, and Synchronization of Pancreatic Islets. In: Islam, M. (eds) The Islets of Langerhans. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 654. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3271-3_12

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