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Engineering of Plants for the Production of Commercially Important Products: Approaches and Accomplishments

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Plant Biology and Biotechnology

Abstract

For centuries humans have used plants as a source of food, fiber, fuel, and medicine because they have the ability to synthesize a vast array of complex organic compounds using light, carbon dioxide, and water. Advances in recombinant DNA and transgenic technologies during the last several decades have opened many new avenues to further exploit plants for production of many novel products. The potential to use plants to synthesize diverse native and nonnative industrial and pharmaceutical products coupled with the depletion of fossil fuels that are the source of many commercially important products and the adverse effects of chemical synthesis of platform chemicals on the environment have renewed considerable interest in using plants for large-scale production of chemicals and value-added compounds. To accomplish this, different genetic engineering and transformation strategies have been developed for introducing multiple genes (gene stacking), modulating their expression with regulatable promoters, and targeting the products to a specific compartment in the cells. Successful metabolic engineering of plants should lead to sustained production of platform chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and biopolymers. In this chapter, we present an overview of different methods that are currently used to introduce and manipulate expression of one or more genes into plants and discuss some of the recent achievements in producing value-added products and pharmaceuticals in plants.

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Acknowledgments

Metabolic engineering research in our group is supported by a grant from the Office of Naval Research to ASNR. We thank Dr. Irene Day for her comments on the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Program in Molecular Plant Biology, Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1878, USA

    Salah E. Abdel-Ghany & A. S. N. Reddy

  2. Faculty of Science, Botany Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt

    Salah E. Abdel-Ghany

  3. Foundation for Advancement of Science, Technology and Research, PA Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA

    Maxim Golovkin

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  1. Salah E. Abdel-Ghany
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  3. A. S. N. Reddy
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Correspondence to A. S. N. Reddy .

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  1. Sri Biotech Laboratories India Limited, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Bir Bahadur

  2. Department of Genetics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Manchikatla Venkat Rajam

  3. Division of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Leela Sahijram

  4. Center for Pharmaceutics, Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Science and Technology (IHST), Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    K. V. Krishnamurthy

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Abdel-Ghany, S.E., Golovkin, M., Reddy, A.S.N. (2015). Engineering of Plants for the Production of Commercially Important Products: Approaches and Accomplishments. In: Bahadur, B., Venkat Rajam, M., Sahijram, L., Krishnamurthy, K. (eds) Plant Biology and Biotechnology. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2283-5_28

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