Abstract
Nowadays, climate change is one of the greatest threats to human lives and livelihoods in coastal regions all over the world and especially, coastal zone of Bangladesh is facing tremendous challenge from climate change. Furthermore, Climate change and agriculture possess an inverse relationship where climate impacts hamper agri-production. Among other sectors, agriculture is facing deadliest experiences from climate change related natural disasters, as agriculture is the main livelihood option for the coastal people of Bangladesh. Hence, agricultural adaptation approach is one of the key aspects that are helpful to reduce agricultural crop vulnerability in the coastal zone of Bangladesh. In this connection, considering local level experiences, the main objective of this chapter is to find out suitable and viable adaptation measures that have the potential to help farmers to adapt climate change. These adaptation practices include identification of suitable cropping pattern, choice of seed, irrigation water management, crop intensification suitable transplanting and so on. Therefore, the first part of this chapter illustrates the changing pattern of climatic parameters mainly temperature and rainfall in the whole country alone with coastal zone sea level rise and cyclone; and the impacts of climatic variability on crop production in the southwestern areas. Then the focus shifts on brief profile of the coastal zone including geographical location and geophysical environment. The last part of this chapter provides recommendation on possible adaptation techniques that have the potential to help farmers to adapt climate change and reduce yield loss in achieving food security.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
ADB (1994) Climate change in Asia: Bangladesh country report. Asian Development Bank (ADB), Manila
Agrawala S, Ota T, Ahmed AU, Smith J, van Aalst M (2003) Development and climate change in Bangladesh: focus on coastal flooding and the Sunderbans. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
Ahmad M (2003) Coastal livelihood: situation and context. Working paper WP015. Program Development Office for Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan Project, Water Resources Planning Organization, Dhaka, pp 1–30
Ahmed AU (2000) Adaptability of Bangladesh’s crop agriculture to climate change: possibilities and limitations. Asia Pacific J Environ Dev 7(1):71–93
Ahmed AU, Schaerer C (2004) Sustaining livelihoods opportunities for the coastal poor under climate change: a case study from Bangladesh. In: Anonymous (ed) Proceedings of coastal zone Asia Pacific, Brisbane, 7–9 September 2004
Ahmed AU, Alam M, Rahman AA (1998) Adaptation to climate change in Bangladesh: future outlook. In: Huq S, Karim Z, Asaduzzaman M, Mahtab F (eds) Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change for Bangladesh. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 125–143
Alam SMN, Phillips MJ (2004) Coastal shrimp aquaculture systems in southwestern Bangladesh. Asian Fish Sci 17:175–189
Ali AMS (2004) Technological change in agriculture and land degradation in Bangladesh: a case study. Land Degrad Dev 15(3):283–298
Ali SMA (2006) Rice to shrimp: land use/land cover changes and soil degradation in southwestern Bangladesh. Land Use Policy (Elsevier) 23(4):421–435
Asaduzzaman M, Reazuddin M, Ahmed AU (eds) (1997) Global climate change: Bangladesh episode. Department of Environment, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka (July)
BBS (Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics) (2011) Population and housing census report 2011. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Planning, Dhaka
BBS (Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics) (2005) Statistical Year Book of Bangladesh. Ministry of Planning, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. Dhaka, Bangladesh
BCAS-RA-Approtech (1994) Vulnerability of Bangladesh to climate change and sea level rise: concepts and tools for calculating risk in integrated coastal zone management (Summary report, Main reports and institutional report). Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies (BCAS), Resource Analysis (RA), and Approtech Consultants Ltd., Dhaka
BCCAAP (Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan) (2010) Ministry of Environment and Forest (MOEF), Government of People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka
BPRSP (Bangladesh: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper) (2005). General economics division. Planning Commission, Government of People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka
BUP-CEARS-CRU (1994) Bangladesh: greenhouse effect and climate change. Briefing Documents No. 1-7. Bangladesh Unnayan Parishad (BUP), Centre for environmental and Resource Studies (CEARS), University of Waikato, New Zealand and Climate Research Unit (CRU), University of East Anglia, Norwich
CCC (2009) Adaptive crop agriculture including innovative farming practices in the coastal zone of Bangladesh. Climate Change Cell, DoE, MoEF; Component 4b, CDMP, MoFDM, Dhaka (June)
CEGIS (2006) Impacts of sea level rise on landuse suitability and adaptation options. Draft final report. Submitted to the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of Bangladesh and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) by Centre for Environmental Geographic Information Services (CEGIS), Dhaka
Chowdhury QS, Hossain Q (2006) Bengal delta in Banglapedia. National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka
Deb AK (1998) Fake blue evolution: environmental and socio-economic impact of shrimp culture in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. Ocean Coast Manag 41(1):63–88
DoF (Department of Fisheries) (1995) Shrimp resources statistics. Central Shrimp Cell, Department of Fisheries, Dhaka
DoF (Department of Fisheries) (2004) Draft shrimp strategy, summary. Department of Fisheries, Dhaka
DoF (Department of Fisheries) (2005) Fishery statistical yearbook of Bangladesh 2003–2004. Fisheries Resources Survey System, Department of Fisheries, Dhaka
DoF (Department of Fisheries) (2010) Fishery statistical yearbook of Bangladesh 2009–2010. Fisheries Resources Survey System, Department of Fisheries, Dhaka
GoB (Government of Bangladesh) and UNDP Bangladesh (2009) Policy study on the probable impacts of climate change on poverty and economic growth and the options of coping with adverse effect of climate change in Bangladesh. General Economic Division, Planning Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
GoB and UNDP (2005) National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA), Final report: November 2005. Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh (GoB), and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Dhaka, 48 pp
Habibullah M, Ahmed AU, Karim Z (1998) Assessment of foodgrain production loss due to Âclimate induced enhanced soil salinity. In: Huq S, Karim Z, Asaduzzaman M, Mahtab F (eds) Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change for Bangladesh. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp 55–70
Hagler M (1997) Shrimp: the devastating delicacy, a Greenpeace report. Available at: http://archive.greenpeace.org/oceans/shrimpaquaculture/shrimpreport.html. Accessed 12 Feb 2012
Hamid AM, Alauddin M (1998) Coming out of their homesteads: employment for rural women in shrimp aquaculture in coastal Bangladesh. Int J Soc Econ 25:314–337
Haque AKE (2004) Sanitary and phyto-sanitary barriers to trade and its impact on the environment: the case of shrimp farming in Bangladesh. IUCN Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka, p 63
Huq S, Ahmed AU, Koudstaal R (1996) Vulnerability of Bangladesh to climate change and sea level rise. In: Downing TE (ed) Climate Change and World Food Security. NATO ASI Series, I 37. Springer, Berlin, pp 347–379
Huq S, Karim Z, Asaduzzaman M, Mahtab F (eds) (1998) Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change for Bangladesh. Kluwer, Dordrecht, 135
IPCC (1998) The regional impacts of climate change: an assessment of vulnerability. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
IPCC (2001) Climate change 2001: impacts, adaptations, and vulnerability. In: McCarthy JJ, Canziani OF, Leary NA, Dokken DJ, White KS (eds) Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Islam A (1999) Effects of shrimp farming on the physico-chemical and biological qualities of water. Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh
Islam MR, Ahmad M (2004) Living in the coast: problems, opportunities and challenges. Program Development Office for Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan Project; Water Resources Planning Organization. Dhaka, Bangladesh
Islam MR, Koudstaal R (2003) Coastal zone management: an analysis of different policy documents. Working paper 09. Program Development Office for ICZM, p 52
Islam MR, Ahmad M, Huq H, Osman MS (2006) State of the coast 2006. Program Development Office for Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan Project, Water Resources Planning Organization, Dhaka
James Pander (2007) Community-led adaptation in Bangladesh. 2nd International workshop on community based adaptation to climate change, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Karim M, Stellwagen J (1998) Shrimp aquaculture. Final report, Fourth Fisheries Project, Department of Fisheries, Dhaka, 6, p 101
Karim Z, Hussain SG, Ahmed AU (1998) Climate change vulnerability of crop agriculture. In: Huq S, Karim Z, Asaduzzaman M, Mahtab F (eds) Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change for Bangladesh. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 39–54
Mahmood N (2006) Prawan (Changri). Banglapedia – the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka
Mahtab F (1989) Effect of climate change and sea level rise on Bangladesh. For Expert Group on Climate Change and Sea Level Rise. Commonwealth Secretariat, London
MoWR (Ministry of Water Resources) (2005) Coastal zone policy. Ministry of Water Resources, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka
PDO-ICZMP (2003) Coastal livelihoods – situation and context. Programme Development Office for Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan, Dhaka
Rashid EH, Kabir B (1998) Case study: Bangladesh, water resources and population pressures in the Ganges river basin: water and population dynamics. In: Sherbinin AD, Dompka V, Bromley L (eds) Case studies and policy implications and foreword by Malin Falkenmark. Available at: http://www.aaas.org/international/ehn/waterpop/front.htm. Accessed 20 Mar 2012
Roy KC, Sattar MA, Rashid MH, Ahmed S, Wohab MA, Amain M, Matin MA (2006) Developed agricultural machinery (in Bangali). Farm Machinery and Post Harvest Process Engineering Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh. pp. 1–48
RVCC (2003) Report of a community level vulnerability assessment conducted in Southwest Bangladesh. A report prepared by the Reducing Vulnerability to Climate Change (RVCC) Project, CARE Bangladesh, Dhaka
SRDI (Soil Resource Development Institute) (1997) Land and soil resources use guideline. Kaliganj upazila. Satkhira District. Government of Bangladesh
SRDI (Soil Resource Development Institute) (2001) Land and soil resources use guideline. Shyamanagar upazila. Satkhira District. Government of Bangladesh
Schaerer C, Ahmed AU (2004) Adaptation to climate change in vulnerable communities: lessons from practice in southwestern Bangladesh. In: Ahmed AU, Haque N (eds) Adaptation to climate change: knowledge sharing for capacity building. Proceedings of workshop held on 10 December 2003Â at COP 9 Milan. Climate Action Network South Asia (CANSA) and RVCC, Dhaka
Shamsuddoha M, Chowdhury KR (2007) Climate change impact and disaster vulnerabilities in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. COAST Trust and Equity and Justice Working Group, Dhaka
WARPO (Water Resources Planning Organization) (2006) Coastal development strategy. Ministry of Water Resources, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh
Warrick RA, Ahmad QK (eds) (1996) The implications of climate and sea-level change for Bangladesh. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London, 415 pp
WB (2000) Bangladesh: climate change and sustainable development. Report no. 21104-BD. Rural Development Unit, South Asia Region, The World Bank (WB), Dhaka, p 95
William W, Gravgaard A-K (2010) Bangladesh fights for survival against climate change. The Washington Times. Pulitzercenter.org. Available at: http://pulitzercenter.org/articles/bangladesh-Âfights-survival-against-climate-change. Accessed 7 Mar 2010
Acknowledgements
The first author gratefully acknowledges support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) of Japan in the conduct of this research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Japan
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Abedin, M.A., Shaw, R. (2013). Agriculture Adaptation in Coastal Zone of Bangladesh. In: Shaw, R., Mallick, F., Islam, A. (eds) Climate Change Adaptation Actions in Bangladesh. Disaster Risk Reduction. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54249-0_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54249-0_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-54248-3
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-54249-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)