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Carotenoids as Provitamin A

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Carotenoids

Part of the book series: Carotenoids ((CAROT,volume 5))

Abstract

In 1930, Moore discovered that β-carotene (3) could be converted in vivo into vitamin A [1]. Since then, the vitamin A values of β-carotene and other provitamin A carotenoids, particularly α-carotene (7) and β-cryptoxanthin (55), have been investigated by various techniques. As discussed in Chapter 9, vitamin A nutrition is of worldwide interest; deficiency of the vitamin remains a problem in developing countries, affecting 75 to 140 million children [2]. Deficiency of vitamin A (VAD) can result in visual malfunction such as night blindness and xerophthalmia [3], and can impair immune function [4], resulting in an increased incidence and/or severity of respiratory infections, gastrointestinal infections [5], and measles [6]. Vitamin A levels in HIV-positive children are lower than those in HIV-negative children [7].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Carotenoids and Health Laboratory Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Guangwen Tang

  2. National Institutes of Health, Washington DC, USA

    Robert M. Russell (Office of Director)

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  1. Guangwen Tang
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  1. 53 Forest Read Meols Wirral, Merseyside, CH47 6AT, UK

    George Britton

  2. Carote Nature GmbH, Muristrasse 8e, 3006, Bern, Switzerland

    Hanspeter Pfander (Chief Operating Officer) (Chief Operating Officer)

  3. Organic Chemistry Laboratories Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway

    Synnøve Liaaen-Jensen

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Tang, G., Russell, R.M. (2009). Carotenoids as Provitamin A. In: Britton, G., Pfander, H., Liaaen-Jensen, S. (eds) Carotenoids. Carotenoids, vol 5. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-7501-0_8

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