Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Gibberellin Mutants

  • Chapter
A Genetic Approach to Plant Biochemistry

Part of the book series: Plant Gene Research ((GENE))

Abstract

An enormous amount has been written on the gibberellins (GAs) during the last decade (for reviews see Graebe and Ropers, 1978; Hedden et al., 1978; MacMillan, 1980) culminating in the extensive work by Crozier (1983). During this time considerable advances have been made regarding their biosynthesis and metabolism due to the use of GC-MS techniques and the production of both radio- and stable-isotope labelled compounds (see Hedden, 1983). However, information is still lacking on the developmental processes controlled by endogenous GAs, the site of action of the GAs and the mechanism(s) by which GAs elicit a physiological response. Indeed it is still debated if endogenous GA levels are responsible for controlling developmental processes (Trewavas, 1981; Ingram et al., 1983; Phinney, 1984) and which of the over sixty identified GAs are biologically active (e. g. Hoad, 1983; Phinney, 1984).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allan, R. E., Vogel, O. A., Craddock, J. C., 1959: Comparative response to gibber-ellic acid of dwarf, semi-dwarf and tall winter wheat varieties. Agron. J. 51, 737–740.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Atzorn, R., Weiler, E. W., 1983: The role of endogenous gibberellins in the formation of a-amylase by aleurone layers of germinating barley. Planta 159, 289–299.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baldev, B., Lang, A., Agatep, A. O., 1965: Gibberellin production in pea seeds developing in excised pods: effect of growth retardant AMO 1618. Science 147, 155–157.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barber, H. N., 1959: Physiological genetics of Pisum. II. The genetics of photoperi- odism and vernalisation. Heredity 13, 33–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barber, H. N., Jackson, W. D., Murfet, I. C., Sprent, J. I., 1958: Gibberellic acid and the physiological genetics of flowering in peas. Nature (London) 182, 1321.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barendse, G. W. M., Lang, A., 1972: Comparison of endogenous gibberellins and the fate of applied radioactive gibberellin A1, in a normal and a dwarf strain of Japanese morning glory. Plant Physiol. 49, 836–841.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baroncelli, S., Lercari, B., Cionini, P. G., Cavallini, A., D’Amato, P., 1984: Effect of light and gibberellic acid on coleoptile and first-foliage-leaf growth in durum wheat (Triticum durum L. Desf.). Planta 160, 298–304.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bearder, J. R., 1980: Plant hormones and other growth substances — their background, structure and occurrence. In: MacMillan, J. (ed.). Hormonal Regulation of Development. I. Molecular Aspects of Plant Hormones (Encyclo¬paedia of Plant Physiology, New Series, Vol. 9 ), pp. 9–112. Berlin — Heidelberg — New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bearder, J. R., 1983: In vivo diterpenoid biosynthesis in Gibberella fujikuroi: the pathway after ent-kaurene. In: Crozier, A. (ed.). The Biochemistry and Physiology of Gibberellins, Vol. 1., pp. 251–387. New York: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blixt, S., 1972: Mutation genetics in Pisum. Agri Hortique Genetica 30, 1–293.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blonstein, A. D., 1981: Developmental differences between dwarfing genes in barley. In: Asher, M. J. C. (ed.). Barley Genetics IV (Proceedings of the Fourth International Barley Genetics Symposium, Edinburgh 1980 ), pp. 566–570. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brian, P. W., 1957: The effects of some microbial metabolic products on plant growth. Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol. 11, 166–181.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brian, P. W., Hemming, H. G., 1955: The effect of gibberellic acid on shoot growth of pea. Physiol. Plant. 8, 669–681.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cleland, C. F., Zeevaart, J. A. D., 1970: Gibberellins in relation to flowering and stem elongation in the long-day plant Silene armeria. Plant Physiol. 46, 392–400.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, J. P., 1958: The effect of gibberellic acid on a genetic dwarf in Lolium perenne. New Phytol. 57, 235–238.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cross, B. E., Gait, R. H. B., Hanson, J. R., 1964: The biosynthesis of the gibberellins. Part I. (—)-Kaurene as a precursor of gibberellic acid. J. Chem. Soc. 295–300.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crozier, A., 1983: The Biochemistry and Physiology of Gibberellins, Vols. 1 and 2, p. 568 and p. 452. New York: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crozier, A., Durley, R. C., 1983: Modern methods of analysis of gibberellins. In: Crozier, A. (ed.). The Biochemistry and Physiology of Gibberellins, Vol. 1, pp. 485–560. New York: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crozier, A., Kuo, C. C., Durley, R. C., Pharis, R. P., 1970: The biological activities of 26 gibberellins in nine plant bioassays. Can. J. Bot. 48, 867–877.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crozier, A., Reid, D. M., 1971: Do roots synthesize gibberellins? Can. J. Bot. 49, 967–975.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dalton, P. J., Murfet, I. C., 1975: The effect of gibberellic acid and genotype le la cry on flowering in peas. Pisum Newsl. 7, 5–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davies, L. J., Rappaport L., 1975: Metabolism of tritiated gibberellins in d-5 dwarf maize. II. [3H] gibberellin A1 and [3H] gibberellin A3, and related compounds. Plant Physiol. 56, 60–66.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, P. J., Emshwiller, E., Gianfagna, T. J., Proebsting, W. M., Noma, M., Pharis, R. P., 1982: The endogenous gibberellins of vegetative and reproductive tissue of G2 peas. Planta 154, 266–272.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, P. J., Proebsting, W. M., Gianfagna, T. J., 1977: Hormonal relationships in whole plant senescence. In: Pilet, P. E. (ed.). Plant Growth Regulation (9th International Conference on Plant Growth Substances, 1976, Lausanne), pp. 273–280. Berlin — Heidelberg — New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Haan, H., 1927: Length factors in Pisum. Genetica 9, 481–497.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eeuwens, C. J., Gaskin, P., Macmillan, J., 1973: Gibberellin A20 in seed of Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska. Planta 115, 73–76.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eeuwens, C. J., Schwabe, W. W., 1975: Seed and pod wall development in Pisum sativum L. in relation to extracted and applied hormones. J. Exp. Bot. 26, 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Favret, E. A., Favret, G. C., Malvarez, E. M., 1975: Genetic regulatory mechanisms for seedling growth in barley. In: Barley Genetics III (Proc. 3rd Int. Barley Genet. Symp.), pp. 37–42. Garching, W. Germany.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fick, G. N., Qualset, C. O., 1973: Genes for dwarfness in wheat, Triticum aestivum L. Genetics 75, 531–539.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fick, G. N., Qualset, C. O., 1975: Genetic control of endosperm amylase activity and gibberellic acid responses in standard-height and short-statured wheats. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., U.S.A. 72, 892–895.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foster, C. A., 1977: Slender: an accelerated extension growth mutant of barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7, 24–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gale, M. D., Hanson, P. R., 1982: The plant breeding potential of genetic variation in cereal phytohormone systems. In: McLaren, J. S. (ed.). Chemical Manipulation of Crop Growth and Development (Proceedings of Easter School of Agricultural Science, Univ. of Nottingham), pp. 425–449. London: Butter-worths.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gale, M. D., Law, C. N., 1977: The identification and exploitation of Norin 10 semi-dwarfmg genes. Plant Breeding Inst., Cambridge. Annu. Report, pp. 21–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gale, M. D., Law, C. N., Marshall, G. A., Worland, A. J., 1975: The genetic control of gibberellic acid insensitivity and coleoptile length in a ‘dwarf’ wheat. Heredity 34, 393–399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gale, M. D., Marshall, G. A., 1973: Insensitivity to gibberellin in dwarf wheats. Ann. Bot. 37, 729–735.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gale, M. D., Marshall, G. A., 1976: The chromosomal location of Gai 1 and Rht 1, genes for gibberellin insensitivity and semi-dwarfism, in a derivative of Norin 10 wheat. Heredity 37, 283–289.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaskin, R, Gilmour, S. J., Lenton, J. R., MacMillan, J., Sponsel, V. M., 1984: Endogenous gibberellins and kaurenoids identified from developing and germinating barley grain. J. Plant Growth Regul. 2, 229–242.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaskin, P., Gilmour, S. J., MacMillan, J., Sponsel, V. M., 1985: Gibberellins in immature seeds and dark-grown shoots of Pisum sativum. Gibberellins identified in the tall cultivar Alaska in comparison with those in the dwarf Progress No. 9. Planta 163, 283–289.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gianfagna, T., Zeevaart, J. A. D., Lusk, W. J., 1983: Effect of photoperiod on the metabolism of deuterium-labelled gibberellin A53 in spinach. Plant Physiol. 72, 86–89.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilmour, S. J., Gaskin, P., Sponsel, V. M., MacMillan, J., 1984: Metabolism of gibberellins in immature barley grain. Planta 161, 186–192.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilmour, S. J., MacMillan, J., 1984: Effect of inhibitors of gibberellin biosynthesis on the induction of a-amylase in embryoless caryopses of Hordeum vulgare cv. Himalaya. Planta 162, 89–90.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goto, N., Esashi, Y., 1973: Diffusible and extractable gibberellins in bean cotyledons in relation to dwarfism. Physiol. Plant. 28, 480–489.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graebe, J. E., Ropers, H. J., 1978: Gibberellins. In: Letham, D. S., Goodwin, P. B., Higgins, T. J. V. (eds.), Phytohormones and Related Compounds — A Comprehensive Treatise. Vol. I. The Biochemistry of Phytohormones and Related Compounds, pp. 107–204. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guttridge, C. G., 1973: Stem elongation and runnering in the mutant strawberry, Fragaria vesca L. arborea Staudt. Euphytica 22, 357–361.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harada, J., Vergarra, B. S., 1971: Response of different rice varieties to gibberellins. Crop Sci. 11, 373–374.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedden, P., 1983: In vitro metabolism of gibberellins. In: Crozier, A. (eds.). The Biochemistry and Physiology of Gibberellins, Vol. 1, pp. 99–149. New York: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedden, P., MacMillan, J., Phinney, B. O., 1978: The metabolism of the gibberellins. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 29, 149–192.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hedden, P., Phinney, B. O., 1979: Comparison of ent-kaurene and ent-isokaurene synthesis in cell-free systems from etiolated shoots of normal and dwarf-5 maize seedlings. Phytochemistry 18, 1475–1479.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hedden, P., Phinney, B. O., MacMillan, J., Sponsel, V. M., 1977: MetaboHsm of kaurenoids by Gibberella fujikuroi in the presence of the plant growth retardant, N, N, N-trimethyl-l-methyl-(22′,6′,6′-trimethylcyclohex-2′-en-r-yl)prop-2-enyl- ammonium iodide. Phytochemistry 16, 1913–1917.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heupel, R. C., Phinney, B. O., Spray, C. R., Gaskin, P., MacMillan, J., Hedden, P., Graebe, J. E., 1985: Native gibberellins and metabolism of [14C] gibberellin A53 and of [17-13C, 17-3H2] gibberellin A20 in tassels of Zea mays. Phytochemistry 24, 47–53.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ho, T. D., Nolan, R. C., Shute, D. E., 1981: Characterisation of a gibberellin-insen- sitive dwarf wheat, D6899. Plant Physiol. 67, 1026–1031.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ho, T. D., Shih, S., Kleinhofs, A., 1980: Screening for barley mutants with altered hormone sensitivity in their aleurone layers. Plant Physiol. 66, 153–157.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoad, G. v., 1983: Gibberellin bioassays and structure-activity relationships. In: Crozier, A. (ed.), The Biochemistry and Physiology of Gibberellins, Vol. 2, pp. 57–94. New York: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopp, H. E., Favret, G. C., Favret, E. A., 1981: Control of barley development using dwarf mutants. In: Induced Mutants as a Tool for Crop Improvement, p. 243. Vienna: IAEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hu, M. L., Konzak, C. F., 1974: Genetic association of gibberellic acid insensitivity and semi-dwarfing in hexaploid wheat. Annu. Wheat Newsl. 20, 184–185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ingram, T. J., 1980: Gibberellins and reproductive development in peas. Ph. D. Thesis, University of East Anglia, U. K.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ingram, T. J., Browning, G., 1979: Influence of photoperiod on seed development in the genetic line of peas G2 and its relation to changes in endogenous gibberellins measured by combined gas chromatography — mass spectrometry. Planta 146, 423–432.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ingram, T. J., Reid, J. B., MacMillan, J., 1985: Internode length in Pisum sativum. L. The kinetics of growth and [3H] gibberellin A20 metabolism in genotype na Le. Planta 164, 429–438.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ingram, T. J., Reid, J. B., Murfet, I. C., Gaskin, P., Willis, C. L., MacMillan, J., 1984: Internode length in Pisum. The Le gene controls the 3β-hydroxylation of gibberellin A20 to gibberellin A1. Planta 160, 455–463.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ingram, T. J., Reid, J. B., Potts, W. C., Murfet, I. C., 1983: Internode length in Pisum. IV. The effect of the Le gene on gibberellin metabolism. Physiol. Plant. 59, 607–616.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Inouke, M., Sakurai, N., Kuraishi, S., 1982: Growth regulation of dark-grown dwarf barley coleoptile by the endogenous IAA content. Plant Cell Physiol. 23, 689–698.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, R. L., 1973: Gibberellins: their physiological role. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 24, 571–598.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, R. L., Lang, A., 1968: Extractable and diffusible gibberellins from light- and dark-grown pea seedlings. Plant Physiol. 43, 629–634.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kamiya, Y., Graebe, J. E., 1983: The biosynthesis of all major pea gibberellins in a cell-free system from Pisum sativum. Phytochemistry 22, 682–689.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katsumi, M., Foard, D. E., Phinney, B. O., 1983: Evidence for the translocation of gibberellin A3 and gibberellin-like substances in grafts between normal, dwarf 1 and dwarf 5 seedlings of Zea mays L. Plant Cell Physiol. 24, 379–388.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katsumi, M., Phinney, B. O., Jefferies, P. R., Hendrick, C. A., 1964: Growth response of the d-5 and an-1 mutants of maize to some kaurene derivatives. Science 144, 849–850.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keller, P. L., Coulter, M. W., 1982: The relationship of endogenous gibberellins to light-regulated stem elongation rates in dwarf and normal cultivars of Pisum sativum L. Plant Cell Physiol. 23, 409–416.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • King, W., Murfet, I. C., 1985: Flowering in Pisum: A sixth locus, Dne. Ann. Bot., 56, 835–846.

    Google Scholar 

  • Köhler, D., 1970: The effect of red light on the growth and gibberellin-content of pea seedlings. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 62, 426–435.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koornneef, M., Jorna, M. L., Brinkhorst — van der Swan, D. L. C., Karssen, C. M., 1982: The isolation of abscisic acid (ABA) deficient mutants by selection of induced revertants in non-germinating gibberellin sensitive lines of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.). Heynh. Theor. Appl. Genet. 61, 385–393.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koornneef, M., van der Veen, J. H., 1980: Induction and analysis of gibberellin sensitive mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.). Heynh. Theor. Appl. Genet. 58, 257–263.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koornneef, M., van der Veen, J. H., Spruit, C. J. P., Karssen, C. M., 1981: Isolation and use of mutants with an altered germination behaviour in Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato. In: Induced Mutants as a Tool for Crop Plant Improvement 251, 227–232. Vienna: IAEA-SM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuraishi, S., 1974: Biogenesis of auxin in the coleoptile of a semi-brachytic barley, uzu. Plant Cell Physiol. 15, 295–306.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kurogochi, S., Murofushi, N., Ota, Y., Takahashi, N., 1979: Identification of gib- berellins in the rice plant and quantitative changes of gibberellin A19 throughout its life cycle. Planta 146, 185–191.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lockhart, J. A., 1956: Reversal of light inhibition of pea stem growth by gibber- ellins. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., U.S.A. 42, 841–848.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loy, J. B., Liu, P. B. W., 1974: Response of seedlings of a dwarf and a normal strain of watermelon to gibberellins. Plant Physiol. 53, 325–330.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McComb, A. J., McComb, J. A., 1970: Growth substances and the relation between phenotype and genotype in Pisum sativum. Planta 91, 235–245.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacMillan, J., 1980: Hormonal Regulation of Development. I. Molecular Aspects of Plant Hormones (Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series, Vol. 9 ). Berlin — Heidelberg — New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacMillan, J., 1984: Analysis of plant hormones and metabolism of gibberellins. In: Crozier, A., Hillman, J. R. (eds.), The Biosynthesis and Metabolism of Plant Hormones (Society of Experimental Biology Seminar, Series 23 ), pp. 1–16. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McVittie, J. A., Gale, M. D., Marshall, G. A., Westcott, B., 1978: The intra-chromo- somal mapping of the Norin 10 and Tom Thumb dwarfing genes. Heredity 40, 67–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Magara, J., 1963: Notes on the possible role of endogenous “gibberellins” in the determining of monofactorial dwarfism in dwarf sweet peas (Lathyrus odoratus L.) and in mutants d1 and d5 of maize. Ann. Physiol. Veg. 5, 249–261.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marx, G. A., 1968: Influence of genotype and environment on senescence in peas, Pisum sativum L. Bioscience 18, 505–506.

    Google Scholar 

  • Metzger, J. D., Zeevaart, J. A. D., 1980a: Identification of six endogenous gibberellins in spinach shoots. Plant Physiol. 65, 623–626.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Metzger, J. D., Zeevaart, J. A. D., 1980 b: Effect of photoperiod on the levels of endogenous gibberellin in spinach as measured by combined gas chromatog- raphy-selected ion current monitoring. Plant Physiol. 66, 844–846.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moh, C. C., Alan, J. J., 1967: The response of a radiation-induced dwarf bean mutant to gibberellic acid. Turrialba 17, 176–178.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, R., Schmidt, J. W., Johnson, V. A., 1972: Chromosomal location of a dwarfing gene in “Tom Thumb” wheat derivative by monosomic analysis. Crop Sci. 12, 247–249.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murakami, Y., 1972: Dwarfing genes in rice and their relation to gibberellin biosynthesis. In: Carr, D. J. (ed.). Plant Growth Substances, 1970, pp. 166–174. Berlin — Heidelberg — New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murfet, I. C., 1971a: Flowering in Pisum. Three distinct phenotypic classes determined by the interaction of a dominant early and a dominant late gene. Heredity 26, 243–257.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murfet, I. C., 1971b: Flowering in Pisum: reciprocal grafts between known genotypes. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 24, 1089–1101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murfet, I. C., 1973: Flowering in Pisum. Hr, a gene for high response to photoperiod. Heredity 31, 157–164.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murfet, I. C., 1978: The flowering genes Lf, E, Sn and Hr in Pisum: their relationship with other genes, and their descriptions and type lines. Pisum Newsl. 10, 48–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murfet, I. C., 1982: Flowering in the garden pea: expression of gene Sn in the field and use of multiple characters to detect segregation. Crop Sci. 22, 923–926.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murfet, I. C., 1985: Pisum sativum L. In: Halevy, A. H. (ed.). Handbook of Flowering, Vol. IV, pp. 97–126. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murfet, I. C., Reid, J. B., 1973: Flowering in Pisum; evidence that gene Sn controls a graft-transmissible inhibitor. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 26, 675–677.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murfet, I. C., Reid, J. B., 1985: The control of flowering and internode length in Pisum. In: Hebblethwaite, P. D., Heath, M. C., Dawkins, T. C. K. (eds.). The Pea Crop: a Basis for Improvement, pp 67–80. London: Butterworths.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murofushi, N., 1983: Life cycle regulation in rice by endogenous plant hormones. In: Miyamoto, J. (ed.). Pesticide Chemistry. Human Welfare and the Environment (Proceedings of the 5th International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry, 1982, Kyoto), pp. 21–28. Oxford: Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Musgrave, A., Kende, H., 1970: Radioactive gibberellin A5 and its metabolism in dwarf peas. Plant Physiol. 45, 53–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogawa, Y., 1962: Quantitative differences of gibberellin-like substances in normal and dwarf varieties of Pharbitis nil. Chois. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 75, 449–450.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez, A. T., Marsh, H. V., Lachman, W. H., 1974: Physiology of the yellow-green 6 gene in tomato. Plant Physiol. 53, 192–197.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phinney, B. O., 1956: Growth response of single-gene dwarf mutants in maize to gibberellic acid. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., U.S.A. 42, 185–189.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phinney, B. O., 1961: Dwarfing genes in Zea mays and their relation to the gibberellins. In: Klein, R. M. (ed.). Plant Growth Regulation, pp. 489–501. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phinney, B. O., 1984: Gibberellin A1, dwarfism and the control of shoot elongation in higher plants. In: Crozier, A., Hillman, J. R. (eds.). The Biosynthesis and Metabolism of Plant Hormones (Society of Experimental Biology Seminar, Series 23 ), pp. 17–41. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phinney, B. O., Spray, C., 1982: Chemical genetics and the gibberellin pathway in Zea mays L. In: Wareing, P. F. (ed.). Plant Growth Substances 1982, pp. 101–110. London Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potts, W. C., 1982: The involvement of gibberellins with the internode length and flowering genotypes of Pisum. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Tasmania, Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potts, W. C., Reid, J. B., 1983: Internode length in Pisum. III. The effect and interaction of the Na/na and Le/le gene differences on endogenous gibberellin-like substances. Physiol. Plant. 57, 448–454.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Potts, W. C., Reid, J. B., Murfet, I. C., 1982: Internode length in Pisum. I. The effect of the Le/le gene difference on endogenous gibberellin-like substances. Physiol. Plant. 55, 323–328.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Potts, W. C., Reid, J. B., Murfet, I. C., 1985: Internode length in Pisum. Gibberellins and the slender phenotype. Physiol. Plant. 63, 357–364.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Proano, V. A., Greene, G. L., 1968: Endogenous gibberellins of a radiation induced single gene dwarf mutant of bean. Plant Physiol. 43, 613–618.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Proebsting, W. M., Davies, P. J., Marx, G. A., 1977: Evidence for a graft-transmis- sible substance which delays apical senescence in Pisum sativum L. Planta 135, 93–94.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Proebsting, W. M., Davies, P. J., Marx, G. A., 1978: Photoperiod-induced changes in gibberellin metabolism in relation to apical growth and senescence in genetic lines of peas (Pisum sativum L.). Planta 141, 231–238.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Proebsting, W. M., Heftman, E., 1980: The relationship of [3H]GA9 metabolism to photoperiod induced flowering in Pisum sativum L. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 98, 305–309.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Radley, M., 1970: Comparison of endogenous gibberellins and response to applied gibberellin of some dwarf and tall wheat cultivars. Planta 92, 292–300.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Redei, G. P., 1975: Induction of auxotrophic mutations in plants. In: Ledoux, L. (ed.). Genetic Manipulations with Plant Material, pp. 329–349. New York — London: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., 1976: Regulation of Flowering in Pisum. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Tasmania, Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., 1979 a: Red-far-red reversibility of flower development and apical sen-escence in Pisum. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 93, 297–301.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., 1979 b: Flowering in Pisum.:the effect of age on the gene Sn and the site of action of gene Hr. Ann. Bot. 44, 163–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., 1980: Apical senescence in Pisum: a direct or indirect role for the flowering genes. Ann. Bot. 45, 195–201.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., 1983: Internode length genes in Pisum. Do the internode length genes affect growth in dark-grown plants? Plant Physiol. 72, 759–763.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., 1983: Internode length genes in Pisum. Do the internode length genes affect growth in dark-grown plants? Plant Physiol. 72, 759–763.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., Dalton, P. J., Murfet, I. C., 1977: Flowering in Pisum: dots gibberellic acid directly influence the flowering process? Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 4, 479–483.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., Murfet, I. C., 1977: Flowering in Pisum: the effect of light quality on genotype lf e Sn Hr. J. Exp. Bot. 28, 1357–1364.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., Murfet, I. C., 1984: Flowering in Pisum: a Tifth locus, Veg. Ann. Bot. 53, 369–382.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., Murfet, I. C., Potts, W. C., 1983: Internode length in Pisum. II. Additional information on the relationship and action of loci Le, La, Cry, Na and Lm. J. Exp. Bot. 34, 349–364.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., Murfet, I. C., Potts, W. C., 1983: Internode length in Pisum. II. Additional information on the relationship and action of loci Le, La, Cry, Na and Lm. J. Exp. Bot. 34, 349–364.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sawhney, V. K., 1974: Morphogenesis of the stamenless-2 mutant in tomato. III. Relative levels of gibberellins in the normal and mutant plants. J. Exp. Bot. 25, 1004–1009.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sembdner, G., Schreiber, K., 1965: Activities of gibberellin A3, A5 and A6 on the maize-dwarf mutants d1, d3 and d5 in the dark. Flora, oder Allg. Bot. Z. Abt. A 156, 359–363.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shifriss, O., 1973: The drooping syndrome of Ricinus. J. Hered. 64, 351–355.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sidorova, K. K., 1970: The study of allelism in phenotypically identical mutants of pea in connection with the law of homologous series in hereditary variability. Genetika 6, 23–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R. R., 1974: Inheritance of a gibberellin-responsive dwarf mutant in red clover. Euphytica 23, 597–600.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sponsel, V. M., 1982: Effects of applied gibberellins and napthylacetic acid on pod development in fruits of Pisum sativuim L. cv. Progress No. 9. J. Plant Growth Regul. 1, 147–152.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sponsel, V. M., 1983 a: In vivo gibberellin metabolism in higher plants. In: Crozier, A. (ed.). The Biochemistry and Physiology of Gibberellins, Vol. 1, pp. 151–250. New York: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sponsel, V. M., 1983 b: The localisation, metabolism and biological activity of gibberellins in maturing and germinating seeds of Pisum sativum cv. Progress No. 9. Planta 159, 454–468.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spray, C., Phinney, B. O., Gaskin, P., Gilmour, S. J., MacMillan, J., 1984: Internode length in Zea mays L. The dwarf-1 mutant controls the 3β-hydroxylation of gib-berellin A20 to gibberellin A1. Planta 160, 464–468.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stoddart, J. L., 1983: Sites of gibberellin biosynthesis and action. In: Crozier, A. (ed.). The Biochemistry and Physiology of Gibberellins, Vol. 2, pp. 1–55. New York: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stoddart, J. L., 1984: Growth and gibberellin-A1 metabolism in normal and gibberellin-insensitive (Rht 3) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. Planta 161, 432–438.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stoddart, J. L., Venis, M. A., 1980: Molecular and subcellular aspects of hormone action. In: MacMillan, J. (ed.). Hormonal Regulation of Development. I. Molecular Aspects of Plant Hormones (Encyclopaedia of Plant Physiology, New Series, Vol. 9 ), pp. 445–510. Berlin — Heidelberg — New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suge, H., 1972: Effect of uzu (uz) gene on the level of endogenous gibberellins in barley. Jpn. J. Genet 47, 423–430.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suge, H., 1978: The genetic control of gibberellin production in rice. Jpn. J. Genet. 53, 199–207.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suge, H., 1979: Gibberellin relationships in a dwarf mutant of sweet potato. Jpn. J. Genet. 54, 35–42.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suge, H., 1983: Gibberellin relationships in a dwarf mutant of barley: brachytic (br 2). Jpn. J. Genet. 58, 555–566.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suge, H. Murakami, Y., 1968: Occurrence of a rice mutant deficient in gibberel- lin-like substances. Plant Cell Physiol. 9, 411–414.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suttle, J. C., Zeevaart, J. A. D., 1979: Stem growth, flower formation and endogenous gibberellins in a normal and a dwarf strain of Silene armeria. Planta 145, 175–180.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki, Y., Kurogochi, S., Murofushi, N., Ota, Y, Takahashi, N., 1981: Seasonal changes of GA1, GA19 and abscisic acid in three rice cultivars. Plant Cell Physiol. 22, 1085–1093.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trewavas, A., 1981: How do plant growth substances work? Plant Cell Environ. 4, 203–228.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vanderhoef, L. N., Kosuge, T., 1984: The molecular biology of plant hormone action: research directions of the future (Workshop summaries — II), p. 40. Rockville: Am. Soc. Plant Physiol.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wareing, P. P., Seth, A. K., 1967: Aging and senescence in the whole plant. Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol. 21, 543–558.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weber, V. E., Gottschalk, W., 1973: Die Beziehungen zwischen Zellgröße und Internodienlänge bei strahleninduzierten Pisum-Mutanten. Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 49, 101–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wellensiek, S. J., 1969: The physiological effects of flower forming genes in peas. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 60, 1388–1402.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wellensiek, S. J., 1976: A genetical look at flower formation in Silene armeria L. In: Jacques, R. (ed.), Etudes de Biologie Végétale, Hommage au Professor Pierre Chouard, pp. 301–312. Paris: Louis-Jean.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wylie, A., Ryugo, K., 1971: Diffusible and extractable growth regulators in normal and dwarf shoot apices of peach. Prunus persica Botsch. Plant Physiol. 48, 91–93.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zeevaart, J. A. D., 1971: Effects of photoperiod on growth rate and endogenous gibberellins in the long-day rosette plant spinach. Plant Physiol. 47, 821–827.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zeevaart, J. A. D., 1983: Gibberellins and flowering. In: Crozier, A. (ed.), The Bio-chemistry and Physiology of Gibberellins, Vol. 2, pp. 333–374. New York: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeevaart, J. A. D., 1984: Gibberellins in single gene dwarf mutants of tomato. Plant Physiol. Suppl. 75, 186.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001, Australia

    James B. Reid

Authors
  1. James B. Reid
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Friedrich Miescher-Institut, Basel, Switzerland

    Anne D. Blonstein

  2. Friedrich Miescher-Institut, Basel, Switzerland

    Patrick J. King

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1986 Springer-Verlag/Wien

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Reid, J.B. (1986). Gibberellin Mutants. In: Blonstein, A.D., King, P.J. (eds) A Genetic Approach to Plant Biochemistry. Plant Gene Research. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6989-6_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6989-6_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-7463-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-6989-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation