Skip to main content

Cinematographic User Models for Automated Realtime Camera Control in Dynamic 3D Environments

  • Conference paper
User Modeling

Part of the book series: International Centre for Mechanical Sciences ((CISM,volume 383))

Abstract

Advances in 3D graphics technology have accelerated the construction of dynamic 3D environments. Despite their promise for scientific and educational applications, much of this potential has gone unrealized because runtime camera control software lacks user-sensitivity. Current environments rely on sequences of viewpoints that directly require the user’s control or are based primarily on actions and geometry of the scene. Because of the complexity of rapidly changing environments, users typically cannot manipulate objects in environments while simultaneously issuing camera control commands. To address these issues, we have developed UCam, a realtime camera planner that employs cinematographic user models to render customized visualizations of dynamic 3D environments. After interviewing users to determine their preferred directorial style and pacing, UCam examines the resulting cinematographic user model to plan camera sequences whose shot vantage points and cutting rates are tailored to the user in realtime. Evaluations of UCam in a dynamic 3D testbed are encouraging.

Support for this work was provided by the IntelliMedia Initiative of North Carolina State University and donations from Novell, Inc.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • André, E., and Rist, T. (1996). Coping with temporal constraints in multimedia presentation planning. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 142–147.

    Google Scholar 

  • André, E., Finkler, W., Graf, W., Rist, T., Schauder, A., and Wahlster, W. (1993). WIP: The automatic synthesis of multi-modal presentations. In Maybury, M. T., ed., Intelligent Multimedia Interfaces. AAAI Press, chapter 3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butz, A. (1997). Anymation with CATHI. To appear in Proceedings of the Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christianson, D. B., Anderson, S. E., He, L.-W., Salesin, D. H., Weld, D. S., and Cohen, M. F. (1996). Declarative camera control for automatic cinematography. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth National Conference on A rtificial Intelligence, 148–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drucker, S., and Zeltzer, D. (1995). CamDroid: A system for implementing intelligent camera control. In Proceedings of the 1995 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics, 139–144.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Karp, P., and Feiner, S. (1993). Automated presentation planning of animation using task decomposition with heuristic reasoning. In Proceedings of Graphics Interface ’93, 118–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lester, J. C., FitzGerald, P. J., and Stone, B. A. (1997). The pedagogical design studio: Exploiting artifact-based task models for constructivist learning. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, 155–162.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mackinlay, J., Card, S., and Robertson, G. (1990). Rapid controlled movement through a virtual 3D workspace. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH ’90, 171–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mascelli, J. (1965). The Five C’s of Cinematography. Cine/Grafic Publications, Hollywood.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKeown, K. R., Feiner, S. K., Robin, J., Seligmann, D., and Tanenblatt, M. (1992). Generating cross-references for multimedia explanation. In Proceedings of the Tenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 9–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Millerson, G. (1994). Video Camera Techniques. Focal Press, Oxford, England.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roth, S. F., Mattis, J., and Mesnard, X. (1991). Graphics and natural language as components of automatic explanation. In Sullivan, J. W., and Tyler, S. W., eds., Intelligent User Interfaces. New York: Addison-Wesley. 207–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone, B. A., and Lester, J. C. (1996). Dynamically sequencing an animated pedagogical agent. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 424–431.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Mulken, S. (1996). Reasoning about the user’s decoding of presentations in an intelligent multimedia presentation system. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on User Modeling, 61–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ware, C., and Osbom, S. (1990). Exploration and virtual camera control in virtual three dimensional environments. In 1990 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics, 175–184.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer-Verlag Wien

About this paper

Cite this paper

Bares, W.H., Lester, J.C. (1997). Cinematographic User Models for Automated Realtime Camera Control in Dynamic 3D Environments. In: Jameson, A., Paris, C., Tasso, C. (eds) User Modeling. International Centre for Mechanical Sciences, vol 383. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2670-7_23

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2670-7_23

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-211-82906-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-2670-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics