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The Evolving Landscape of Neuroinflammation After Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia

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Intracerebral Hemorrhage Research

Part of the book series: Acta Neurochirurgica Supplementum ((NEUROCHIRURGICA,volume 111))

Abstract

Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates. The inflammatory response, which is characterized in part by activation of local immune cells, has been implicated as a core component for the progression of damage to the immature brain following hypoxia-ischemia (HI). However, mounting evidence implicates circulating immune cells recruited to the site of damage as orchestrators of neuron-glial interactions and perpetuators of secondary brain injury. This suggests that re-directing our attention from the local inflammatory response toward the molecular mediators believed to link brain-immune cell interactions may be a more effective approach to mitigating the inflammatory sequelae of perinatal HI. In this review, we focus our attention on cyclooxygenase-2, a mediator by which peripheral immune cells may modulate signaling pathways in the brain that lead to a worsened outcome. Additionally, we present an overview of emerging therapeutic modalities that target mechanisms of neuroinflammation in the hypoxic-ischemic neonate.

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Acknowledgement

This study was partially supported by NIH NS053407 to J.H. Zhang.

Conflict of interest statement We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Pathology and Anatomy, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    Nancy Fathali

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    Nikan H. Khatibi & John H. Zhang

  3. Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    Robert P. Ostrowski & John H. Zhang

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, 11234 Anderson Street, Room 2562B, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    John H. Zhang

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  1. Nancy Fathali
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  2. Nikan H. Khatibi
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Correspondence to John H. Zhang .

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  1. , Neurosurgery, Physiology, Loma Linda University, Campus Street 11041, Loma Linda, 92530, USA

    John Zhang

  2. School of Medicine, Dept. Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Anderson St. 11234, Loma Linda, 92354, California, USA

    Austin Colohan

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Fathali, N., Khatibi, N.H., Ostrowski, R.P., Zhang, J.H. (2011). The Evolving Landscape of Neuroinflammation After Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia. In: Zhang, J., Colohan, A. (eds) Intracerebral Hemorrhage Research. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplementum, vol 111. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0693-8_15

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