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Electrochemical Capacitors

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Springer Handbook of Electrochemical Energy

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

Having power and energy characteristics between batteries and conventional capacitors, electrochemical capacitors offer new opportunities in electrical engineering and a fertile ground for the development and refinement of new electrode materials. This chapter will begin by introducing the fundamentals of electrochemical double-layer capacitors and pseudocapacitors (Sect. 17.1). It will go on to describe the most commonly used methods (Sect. 17.2) for assessing the capacitance, energy, and power of electrochemical capacitors:

  • Constant current discharge (Sect. 17.2.1)

  • Cyclic voltammetry (Sect. 17.2.2)

  • Impedance spectroscopy (Sect. 17.2.3).

Electrode configurations and cell designs will be considered in Sect. 17.2.3, as well as practical concerns such as the electrolyte, the separator, and the current collectors, and common experimental pitfalls will be pointed out.

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Abbreviations

AQ:

anthraquinone

BET:

Brunauer–Emmett–Teller

BJH:

Barrett, Joyner, and Halenda theory

CNT:

carbon nanotube

CPE:

constant phase element

CV:

cyclic voltammetry

EC:

electrochemical capacitor

EDLC:

electrochemical double-layer capacitor

EDR:

electrolyte distributed resistance

EIS:

electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

ESR:

equivalent serial resistance

MWCNT:

multiwall carbon nanotube

NiMH:

nickel metal hydride

OCP:

open circuit potential

PANI:

polyaniline

PC:

pseudocapacitance

PEDOT:

poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)

PTFE:

poly(tetrafluoroethylene)

RMS:

root mean square

TLM-PSD:

transmission line model-pore size distribution

TLM:

transmission line model

XPS:

x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

XRD:

x-ray diffraction

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Atlantic Research Centre, Defence Research and Development Canada, NS B2Y 3Z7, Dartmouth, Canada

    Colin G. Cameron

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  1. Colin G. Cameron
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Mechanical Engineering, TU Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 14, 01062, Dresden, Germany

    Cornelia Breitkopf

  2. Chemistry Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave., DC 20375, Washington, USA

    Karen Swider-Lyons

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Cameron, C.G. (2017). Electrochemical Capacitors. In: Breitkopf, C., Swider-Lyons, K. (eds) Springer Handbook of Electrochemical Energy. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46657-5_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46657-5_17

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