Abstract
Multi-Directional G-Protection in Space Vehicles. It is known that maximum human tolerance to G-loads is obtained if the accelerations are acting at right angles to the long axis of the body.
The author describes a device, termed “Anti-G-Capsule”, which is pivoted about the lateral axis of the craft and assumes automatically a position such that the resultant of all acting accelerations is perpendicular to the heart-head line of the operator.
This G-protection seems especially important during the reentry phase where the operator would be subjected to severe accelerations whose directions and intensity vary.
The ejection- and stabilization mechanism of this device would also afford an analogous G-protection during and after escape from a disabled space vehicle within the lower layers of the atmosphere.
Zusammenfassung
Schutzvorrichtung gegen mehrseitige Beschleunigung in Raumfahrzeugen. Es ist bekannt, daß Beschleunigungen wesentlich besser vertragen werden, wenn sie senkrecht zur Längsachse des Körpers einwirken.
Der Autor beschreibt eine um eine Querachse drehbare „Anti-G-Kapsel“, die automatisch den Insassen so lagert, daß die Resultierende aller wirkenden Beschleunigungen senkrecht zur Herz-Kopf-Linie einwirkt.
Dieser Beschleunigungsschutz scheint besonders wesentlich beim Wiedereintritt eines Raumfahrzeuges in dichtere Luftschichten, wobei besonders hohe und in Beziehung auf Intensität und Einwirkungsrichtung ständig wechselnde Beschleunigungen zu erwarten sind.
Außerdem würde der Ausstoß- und Stabilisierungsmechanismus in Notfällen ein „Aussteigen“ aus dem Raumfahrzeug in erdnahen Schichten ermöglichen.
Résumé
Protection anti-G multidirectionnelle dans les engins spatiaux. On sait que la tolérance physiologique aux accélérations est la plus grande quand celles-ci sont dirigées perpendiculairement à l’axe longitudinal du corps humain.
L’auteur décrit un dispositif, appelé “capsule anti-G”, pivotant autour d’un axe transversal à l’engin et prenant automatiquement une position telle que la résultante des accélérations soit perpendiculaire à l’axe cœur-tête du sujet.
Cette protection semble spécialement importante pour la phase de repénétration pendant laquelle le sujet serait soumis à des accélérations importantes de direction et d’intensité variables.
Les mécanismes d’éjection et de stabilisation du dispositif offrent une protection analogue pendant et après l’abandon d’un véhicule désemparé dans les couches basses de l’atmosphère.
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von Beckh, H.J. (1958). Multi-Directional G-Protection in Space Vehicles. In: Hecht, F. (eds) VIIIth International Astronautical Congress Barcelona 1957 / VIII. Internationaler Astronautischer Kongress / VIIIe Congrès International D’Astronautique. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-39990-3_3
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