Abstract
Visible symptoms of metal toxicity stress in plants are an expression of preceding metalinduced alterations at the structural and ultrastructural level. These changes at the cell, tissue, and organ level, in turn, are either the result of a direct interaction of the toxic metals with structural components at these sites or a more indirect consequence of changes in signal transduction and/or metabolism. Investigations at the structural and ultrastructural level help to identify the sites of the primary toxicity effects and their consequences for whole plant performance.
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Barceló, J., Poschenrieder, C. (2004). Structural and Ultrastructural Changes in Heavy Metal Exposed Plants. In: Prasad, M.N.V. (eds) Heavy Metal Stress in Plants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07743-6_9
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