Summary
The theory of computation that we have inherited from the 1960s focuses on algorithmic computation as embodied in the Turing Machine to the exclusion of other types of computation that Turing had considered. In this chapter we present new models of computation, inspired by Turing’s ideas, that are more appropriate for today’s interactive, networked, and embedded computing systems. These models represent super-Turing computation, going beyond Turing Machines and algorithms. We identify three principles underlying super-Turing computation (interaction with the world, infinity of resources, and evolution of systems) and apply these principles in our discussion of the implications of super-Turing computation for the future of computer science.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Back T., Fogel D. B., Michalewicz Z. (eds.), Handbook of Evolutionary Computation, Oxford University Press, 1997.
“Algorithm.” Encyclopedia Britannica 2003 Encyclopedia Britannica Premium Service, http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=5785.
Brooks R. A., Elephants Don’t Play Chess, in P. Maes (ed.), Designing Autonomous Agents: Theory and Practice from Biology to Engineering and Back, The MIT Press, 1994, pp. 3–15.
Burks A., Essays on Cellular Automata, Univ. of Illinois Press, 1970.
Church A., An Unsolvable Problem of Elementary Number Theory, American Journal of Mathematics, 58:345–363, 1936.
Church A., Rosser J. B., Some properties of conversion, Transactions of the AMS, 39:472–482, 1936.
Copeland B. J., Super-Turing Machines, Complexity, 4(l):30–32, 1998.
Davis M., Why Gödel Didn’t Have Church’s Thesis, Information & Control, .54:3–24, 1982.
Eberbach E., Brooks R., Phoha S., Flexible Optimization and Evolution of Underwater Autonomous Agents, LNAI 1711, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 1999, pp. 519–527.
Eberbach E., $-Calculus Bounded Rationality = Process Algebra + Anytime Algorithms, in: (ed. J. C. Misra) Applicable Mathematics: Its Perspectives and Challenges, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta, 2001, pp. 213–220.
Eberbach E., Is Entscheidungsproblem Solvable? Beyond Undecidability of Turing Machines and Its Consequence for Computer Science and Mathematics, in: (ed. J. C. Misra) Computational Mathematics, Modelling and Algorithms, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, Chap. 1, 2003, pp. 1–32.
Eberbach E., On Expressiveness of Evolutionary Computation: Is EC Algorithmic?, Proc. 2002 World Congress on Computational Intelligence (WCCI), Honolulu, HI, 2002, pp. 564–569.
Farley B. G., Clark W. A., Simulation of self-organizing systems by digital computer, IRE Transactions on Information Theory, 4:76–84, 1954.
Fogel D. B. (ed.), Evolutionary Computation: The Fossil Record, IEEE Press, NY, 1998.
Garzón M., Models of Massive Parallelism: Analysis of Cellular Automata and Neural Networks, An EATCS series, Springer-Ver lag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 1995.
Gasarch W., Guest Column: The P=?NP Poll, SIGACT News, 33(2):34–47, June 2002.
Gödel K., Über formal unentscheidbare Sätze der Principia Mathematica und verwandter Systeme, Monatsheñe für Mathematik und Physik, 38:173–198, 1931.
Goldin D., Persistent Turing Machines as a Model of Interactive Computation, FoIKS’OO, Cottbus, Germany, 2000.
Goldin D., Smolka S., Wegner P., Turing Machines, Transition Systems, and Interaction, proc. 8 th Intl Workshop on Expressiveness in Concurrency, Aalborg, Denmark, August 2001
Hoare C. A. R., Communicating Sequential Processes, Prentice-Hall, 1985.
Horvitz E., Zilberstein S. (eds.), Computational Tradeoffs under Bounded Resources, Artificial Intelligence, 126:1–196, 2001.
McCulloch W., Pitts W, A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity, Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 5:115–133, 1943.
Milner R., A Calculus of Communicating Systems, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 94, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 1980.
Milner R., Parrow J., Walker D., A Calculus of Mobile Processes, I & II, Information and Computation, 100:1–77, 1992.
Milner R., Elements of Interaction, Communications of the ACM, 36(l):78–89, January 1993.
Milner R., Turing, Computing and Communication, a lecture for the 60th anniversary of Turing’s “Entscheidungsproblem” paper, King’s College, Cambridge England, 1997.
Minsky M. L., Theory of Neural-Analog Reinforcement Systems and Its Applications to the Brain-Model Problem, Ph.D. Thesis, Princeton University, 1954.
Penrose R., The Emperor’s New Mind, Oxford, 1989.
Pierce B., Turner D., Piet: A Programming Language Based on the Pi-Calculus, in: Plot kin G. et al (eds.), Proof, Language, and Interaction: Essays in Honour of Robin Milner, The MIT Press, 2000, pp. 455–494.
Plotkin G., Stirling C, Tofte M. (eds.), Proof, Language, and Interaction: Essays in Honour of Robin Milner, The MIT Press, 2000.
Rosenblatt F., The Perceptron: A Probabilistic Model for Information Storage and Organization in the Brain, Psychological Review, 65:386–408, 1958.
Russell S., Norvig P., Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, 2nd edition, Prentice-Hall, 2003.
Samuel A. L., Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers, IBM Journal of Research and Development, 3:211–229, 1959.
Siegelmann H., Neural Networks and Analog Computation: Beyond the Turing Limit, Birkhauser, 1999.
Simon, H. A. The Sciences of the Artificial. MIT Press, 1969.
Sipser, M. Introduction to the Theory of Computation, PWS Publishing Company, 1997.
Teuscher C, Turing’s Connectionism: An Investigation of Neural Network Architectures, Springer-Ver lag, London, 2002.
Turing A., On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, series 2, 42:230–265, 1936–37.
Turing A., Systems of Logic based on Ordinals, Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, series 2, 45:161–228, 1939.
Turing A., The ACE Report, in A. M. Turing’s Ace Report of 1946 and Other Papers, eds. B. E. Carpenter and R. W. Doran, MIT Press, 1986.
Turing A., Lecture to the London Math. Society on 20’th February 1947, in A. M. Turing’s Ace Report of 1946 and Other Papers, eds. B. E. Carpenter and R. W. Doran, MIT Press, 1986.
Turing A., Intelligent Machinery, 1948; in Collected Works of A. M. Turing: Mechanical Intelligence, ed. D. C. Ince, Elsevier Science, 1992.
Turing A., Computing Machinery and Intelligence, Mind, 59(236):433–460, 1950.
Turing A., The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B 237:37–72, 1952.
Van Leeuwen J., Wiedermann J., The Turing Machine Paradigm in Contemporary Computing, in. B. Enquist and W. Schmidt (eds.) Mathematics Unlimited — 2001 and Beyond, LNCS, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 2000.
Von Neumann J., Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata, (edited and completed by Burks A. W.), Univ. of Illinois Press, 1966.
Wegner P., Why Interaction is More Powerful Than Algorithms, Communications of the ACM, 40(5):81–91, 1997.
Wegner P., Interactive Foundations of Computing, Theoretical Computer Science, 192:315–351, 1998.
Wegner P., Goldin D., Coinductive Models of Finite Computing Agents, Workshop on Coinductive Methods in Computer Science, Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, Amsterdam, March 1999.
Wegner P., Goldin D., Interaction as a Framework for Modeling, LNCS 1565, April 1999.
Wegner P., Goldin D., Computation Beyond Turing Machines, Communications of the ACM, April 2003.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Eberbach, E., Goldin, D., Wegner, P. (2004). Turing’s Ideas and Models of Computation. In: Teuscher, C. (eds) Alan Turing: Life and Legacy of a Great Thinker. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05642-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05642-4_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-05744-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-05642-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive