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The Crustacean Neuropeptides of the CHH/MIH/GIH Family: Structures and Biological Activities

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The Crustacean Nervous System

Abstract

Abramowitz et al. (1944) were the first to demonstrate that injection of an extract from eyestalks of Uca pugilator into the blue crab, Callinectus sapidus, caused a rather drastic increase of the blood sugar level. They found this “diabetogenic factor” to be heat-stable, very potent (0.001 eyestalk equivalents gave a significant effect), and mainly confined to Hanström’s sinus gland, a neurohemal organ associated with the eyestalk ganglia. This suggested the existence of a hyperglycemic neurohormone. This finding was confirmed by subsequent studies and, when micromethods for peptide analysis had become widely established, this diabetogenic factor, now called crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH), was isolated and fully characterized from sinus glands of the shore crab, Carcinus maenas (Kegel et al. 1989). Isolation and identification from other crustacean species followed, which led to the recognition of a family of closely related peptides. Another line of research, which originated in the early observation that eyestalk ablation accelerated molting in decapods, focused on a molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH) in the eyestalk. The first peptide which fulfilled criteria for an MIH by the demonstration that it suppressed ecdysteroid synthesis in molting glands (Y-organs) was isolated and sequenced from sinus glands of Carcinus maenas (Webster 1991). Surprisingly, this MIH turned out to be similar to CHH (see third section).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Zoophysiologie, Universität Bonn, Endenicher Allee 11-13, D-53115, Bonn, Germany

    Detlef Böcking, Heinrich Dircksen & Rainer Keller

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  1. Detlef Böcking
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  2. Heinrich Dircksen
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  3. Rainer Keller
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  1. Institute of Zoology and Museum Neurophysiology, University Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany

    K. Wiese

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Böcking, D., Dircksen, H., Keller, R. (2002). The Crustacean Neuropeptides of the CHH/MIH/GIH Family: Structures and Biological Activities. In: Wiese, K. (eds) The Crustacean Nervous System. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04843-6_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04843-6_6

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