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Cutaneous Irritation

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Textbook of Contact Dermatitis

Abstract

Irritant contact dermatitis may be defined as a nonimmunological inflammatory reaction of the skin to an external agent. The acute type comprises two forms, the irritant reaction and acute irritant contact dermatitis, and usually has only a single cause. In contrast, the chronic form is a multifactorial disease in most cases. Toxic chemicals (irritants) are the major cause, but mechanical, thermal and climatic effects are important contributory cofactors. The clinical spectrum of irritant contact dermatitis is much wider than that of allergic contact dermatitis and ranges from slight scaling of the stratum corneum, through redness, wealing, and deep caustic burns, to an eczematous condition indistinguishable from allergic contact dermatitis. Acute forms of irritant contact dermatitis may be painful and may be associated with sensations such as burning, stinging or itching. Individual susceptibility to irritants is extremely variable.

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  1. Peter J. Frosch
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, St. Thomas’s Hospital, SE1 7EH, London, UK

    Richard J. G. Rycroft

  2. Department of Dermatology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Niels Andersens Vej 65, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark

    Torkil Menné

  3. Hautklinik der Städtischen Kliniken Dortmund, Abteilung Dermatologie, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Beurhausstraße 40, 44123, Dortmund, Germany

    Peter J. Frosch

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Frosch, P.J. (1995). Cutaneous Irritation. In: Rycroft, R.J.G., Menné, T., Frosch, P.J. (eds) Textbook of Contact Dermatitis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03104-9_3

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