Zusammenfassung
Die verschiedenen Formen der nichteitrigen, unspezifischen Thyreoiditis wurden erstmals von Riedel (1896), De Quervain (1904) und Hashimoto (1912) als eigene Krankheitsbilder beschrieben. Obwohl diese Erkrankungen in den folgenden Jahrzehnten besonders von angloamerikanischen Autoren eingehend bearbeitet wurden, blieb ihre Ätiologie und Pathogenese bis in neuere Zeit unklar. Wesentliche Fortschritte konnten erst in den letzten Jahren erzielt werden, als fast zu gleicher Zeit zwei unabhängig voneinander arbeitende Forschergruppen, Doniach, Roitt, Campbell und Hudson (1956) in England und Witebsky, Rose, Paine und Egan (1957) in USA im Serum von Patienten mit chronischer Thyreoiditis präzipitierende Antikörper gegen Extrakte aus menschlichen Schilddrüsen entdeckten. Während Witebsky durch seine langjährigen tierexperimentellen Arbeiten über die immunologische Organspezifität der Schilddrüsenantigene und die Bedingungen der Autoantikörperbildung zu diesen Untersuchungen angeregt wurde, gingen die Beobachtungen der englischen Forscher auf die in den vorhergehenden Jahren bekannt gewordenen „,unspezifischen“ Serumveränderung bei Patienten mit Thyreoiditis und auf das histologische Bild der lymphocytärplasmacellulären Infiltrationen zurück, die den Gedanken einer immunologischen Genese der Veränderungen nahelegten.
Aus der Medizinischen Universitätsklinik Freiburg i. Br. (Direktor: Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. L. Heilmeyer)
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Heimpel, H., Müller, W. (1963). Die Immunthyreoiditis. In: Heilmeyer, L., Schoen, R., Rudder, B.D., Prader, A. (eds) Ergebnisse der Inneren Medizin und Kinderheilkunde. Ergebnisse der Inneren Medizin und Kinderheilkunde, vol 19. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94860-2_6
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