Skip to main content

Observing and Predicting Chaotic Signals: Is 2% Noise Too Much?

  • Chapter
Predictability of Complex Dynamical Systems

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Synergetics ((SSSYN,volume 69))

Abstract

We discuss the influence of noise on the analysis of complex time series data. How harmful it is depends on the nature of the noise, the complexity of the signal and on the application in mind. We will give generally valid upper bounds on the feasible noise level for dimension, entropy and Lyapunov estimates and lower bounds for the optimal achievable prediction error. We illustrate in a number of examples why it is hard to reach these bounds in practice. We briefly sketch methods to detect, analyze and reduce measurement noise.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Badii, R., Broggi, G., Derighetti, B., Ravani, M., Ciliberto, S., Politi, A., and Rubio, M.A. (1988): Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 979.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Benettin, G., Galgani, L., Giorgilli, A., and Strelcyn, J.-M. (1980): “Lyapunov characteristic exponents for smooth dynamical systems and for Hamiltonian systems: A method for computing all of them”. Meccanica 15, 9.

    Article  MATH  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Broomhead, D. and Lowe, D. (1988): “Multivariable function interpolation and adaptive networks”. Complex Systems 2, 321.

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, R., Bryant, P., and Abarbanel, H.D.I. (1991): “Computing the Lyapunov spectrum of a dynamical system from an observed time series”. Phys. Rev. A 43, 2787.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Casdagli, M. (1989): “Nonlinear prediction of chaotic time series”. Physica 35D, 335.

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Casdagli, M., Eubank, S., Farmer, J.D., and Gibson, J. (1991): “State space reconstruction in the presence of noise”. Physica 51D, 52.

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Casdagli, M., Eubank, S. (Eds.) (1992): “Nonlinear Modelling and Forecasting”. Santa Fe Studies in the Science of Complexity. Proc. Vol. XII, Reading, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cawley, R. and Hsu, G.-H. (1992): “Local-geometric-projection method for noise reduction in chaotic maps and flows”. Phys. Rev. A 46, 3057.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Eckmann, J.P. and Ruelle, D. (1986): “Ergodic theory of chaos and strange attractors”. Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 617.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Eckmann, J.-P., Kamphorst S.O., Ruelle, D., and Ciliberto, S. (1986): “Lyapunov exponents from a time series”. Phys. Rev. A 34, 4971.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Farmer, J.D. and Sidorowich, J.J. (1987): Predicting chaotic time series, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 845.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Farmer, J.D. and Sidorowich, J.J. (1988): “Exploiting chaos to predict the future and reduce noise”. In Y. C. Lee, Ed., Evolution, Learning and Cognition. World Scientific, Singapore.

    Google Scholar 

  • Finardi, M., Flepp, L., Parisi, J., Holzner, R., Badii, R., and Brun, E. (1992): Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2989.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Flepp, L., Holzner, R., Brun, E., Finardi, M., and Badii, R. (1991): Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 2244;

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gencay, R. and Dechert, W.D. (1992): “An algorithm for the n Lyapunov exponents of an n-dimensional unknown dynamical system”. Physica 59D, 142.

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Grassberger, P. and Procaccia, I. (1983a): “Characterization of strange attractors”. Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 346.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Grassberger, P. and Procaccia, I. (1983b): “Estimation of the Kolmogorov entropy from a chaotic signal”. Phys. Rev. A 28, 2591.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Grassberger, P. and Procaccia, I. (1984): “Dimensions and entropies from a fluctuating dynamics approach”. Physica 13D, 34.

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Grassberger, P., Schreiber, T., and Schaffrath, C. (1991): “Nonlinear time-sequence analysis”. Int. J. of Bifurcation and Chaos 1, 521.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Grassberger, P., Hegger, R., Kantz, H., Schaffrath, C., and Schreiber, T. (1993): “On Noise Reduction Methods for Chaotic Data”. Chaos 3, 127.

    Article  MATH  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Holzfuss, J. and Kadtke, J.B. (1993): “Global nonlinear noise reduction using radial basis functions”. Int. J. Bifurcation and Chaos 3, 589.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Ikeda, K. (1979): Opt. Commun. 30, 257.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kantz, H. and Grassberger, P. (1985): “Repellers and long-lived chaotic transients”. Physica 17D, 75.

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Kantz, H. (1993): “A robust method to estimate the maximal Lyapunov exponent of a time series”. Wuppertal preprint.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kantz, H., Schreiber, T., Hoffmann, I., Buzug, T., Pfister, G., Flepp, L.G., Simonet, J., Badii, R., and Brun, E. (1993): “Nonlinear noise reduction: A case study on experimental data”. Phys. Rev. E 48, 1529.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kantz, H. (1994): “Quantifying the distance between fractal measures”. Wuppertal preprint.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kostelich, E.J. (1992): “Problems in estimating dynamics from data”, Physica 58D, 138.

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Lorenz, E.N. (1963): “Deterministic nonperiodic flow”. J. Atmos. Sci. 20, 130.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Parlitz, U. (1992): “Identification of true and spurious Lyapunov exponents from time series”. Int. J. of Bifurcation and Chaos 2, 155.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenstein, M.T., Collins, J.J., and De Luca, C.J. (1993): “A practical method for calculating largest Lyapunov exponents from small data sets”. Physica 65D, 257.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sano, M. and Sawada, Y., (1985): “Measurement of the Lyapunov spectrum from a chaotic time series”. Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 1082.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Sauer, T., Yorke, J.A., and Casdagli, M. (1991): “Embedology”. J. Stat. Phys. 65, 579.

    Article  MATH  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Sauer, T. (1992): “A noise reduction method for signals from nonlinear systems”. Physica 58D, 193.

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber, T. and Grassberger, P. (1991): Phys. Lett. A 160, 411.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber, T. (1993a): “Extremely simple nonlinear noise reduction method”. Phys. Rev. E 47, 2401.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber, T. (1993b): “Determination of the noise level of chaotic time series”. Phys. Rev. E 48, R13.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, L.A. (1992): “Identification and prediction of low-dimensional dynamics”. Physica 58D, 50.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf, A., Swift, J.B., Swinney, H.L., and Vastano, J.A. (1985): “Determining Lyapunov exponents from a time series”. Physica 16D, 285.

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schreiber, T., Kantz, H. (1996). Observing and Predicting Chaotic Signals: Is 2% Noise Too Much?. In: Kravtsov, Y.A., Kadtke, J.B. (eds) Predictability of Complex Dynamical Systems. Springer Series in Synergetics, vol 69. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80254-6_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80254-6_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-80256-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-80254-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics