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Monocyte and Lymphocyte Responses Following Trauma

  • Chapter
Pathophysiology of Shock, Sepsis, and Organ Failure

Abstract

Complex surgical procedures, as well as accidental and/or intentional physical injury to a person, are traumatic events which may lead to severe immunological, microcirculatory and metabolic complications and possibly death. Complicated surgical procedures are more frequently performed, especially in the elderly population of patients, and postoperative septic complications may have devastating consequences. Accidental and/or intentional physical traumatic injuries remain to date among the most common causes of death during the first three decades of life and account for nearly 100000 deaths each year in the USA [1]. Such injuries remain the fourth leading cause of death both on a national as well as on a state level [2]. This is illustrated in the state of Mississippi where the accidental death rate of 55.9 per 100000 individuals makes it the fourth leading cause of death following heart disease, malignant neoplasms, and cerebrovascular disease [2]. This ranking has remained consistent over the past decade. Since 50–75% of trauma deaths occur in a group of people ranging from 15 to 44 years in age [1, 3, 4], it becomes evident that more years of productive life are lost from traumatic injuries than from heart disease and cancer combined. In addition, the rate of permanent disability is extremely high following such injuries (approx. 2 major long term disabilities for every trauma related death [5]), further decreasing both productivity and quality of life for those victims.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA

    R. Stephan

  2. Shock and Trauma Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    A. Ayala & I. H. Chaudry

  3. Shock and Trauma Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    A. Ayala

  4. Shock and Trauma Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    I. H. Chaudry

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  1. R. Stephan
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  2. A. Ayala
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  3. I. H. Chaudry
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Donaueschingenstraße 13, A-1200, Vienna, Austria

    Günther Schlag M. D.  & Heinz Redl Ph. D.  & 

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Stephan, R., Ayala, A., Chaudry, I.H. (1993). Monocyte and Lymphocyte Responses Following Trauma. In: Schlag, G., Redl, H. (eds) Pathophysiology of Shock, Sepsis, and Organ Failure. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76736-4_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76736-4_10

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