Abstract
A multitude of potentially lethal stresses occurs during a freeze/thaw cycle, including thermal, mechanical, chemical, osmotic, and possibly even electrical perturbations. Nevertheless, there is a general consensus that, in the absence of intracellular ice formation, freeze-induced cell dehydration is a primary cause of freezing injury. Although this was first proposed by Muller-Thurgau in 1886, the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for dehydration-induced injury have begun to be elucidated only recently (Steponkus 1984; Steponkus and Lynch 1989b).
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Steponkus, P.L., Webb, M.S. (1992). Freeze-Induced Dehydration and Membrane Destabilization in Plants. In: Somero, G.N., Osmond, C.B., Bolis, C.L. (eds) Water and Life. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76682-4_20
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