Summary
The world’s tick fauna is composed of some 850 species in 3 families and 19 genera. All known tick species are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites of either warm- or cold-blooded animals during one or more stages of their life cycle. Interest in ticks has increased dramatically in recent years primarily due to the relationship between ticks of the Ixodes ricinus group and their ability to transmit the causative agent of Lyme disease to humans.
In this chapter, the world’s tick fauna is listed; genera and occasionally subgenera considered; taxonomic problem areas discussed; and pertinent literature reviewed and cited.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anderson JF, Magnarelli LA, Keirans JE (1981) Aponomma quadricavum (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from an imported boa, Epicrates striatus , in Connecticut. J Med Entomol 18:123–125
Arthur DR (1960) Ticks: a monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part V. On the genera Dermacentor, Anocentor, Cosmiomma, Boophilus and Margaropus. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Arthur DR (1963) British ticks. Butterworths, London, 213 pp
Arthur DR (1965) Ticks of the genus Ixodes in Africa. Athlone Press, London 348 pp
Arthur DR, Chaudhuri RP (1965) A revision of Nosomma monstrosum (Nuttall and Warburton, 1908) Ixodoidea: Ixodidae. Parasitology 55:391–400
Babos S (1964) Die Zeckenfauna Mitteleuropas. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 410 pp
Berdyev A (1989) The zoogeography and distribution of the genus Dermacentor Koch, 1844 (Parasitiformes, Ixodidae). Parazitologia 23:166–172 (in Russian).
Bezuidenhout JD, Schneider HP (1972) Studies on the biology of Cosmiomma hippopotamensis Denny, 1843 in South West Africa. JS Afr Vet Med Assoc 43:301–304
Camicas JL, Morel PC (1977) Position systematique et classification des tiques (Acarida: Ixodida). Acarologia 18:410–420
Clifford CM, Anastos G (1962) Ticks. Explor Parc Natl Upemba Miss GF de Witte (1946-49) 66:1–43
Clifford CM, Anastos G (1964) Ticks. Parc Natl Garamba Miss H de Saeger (1949-52) 44:1–40
Clifford CM, Kohls GM, Sonenshine DE (1964) The systematics of the subfamily Ornithodorinae (Acarina: Argasidae). I. The genera and subgenera. Ann Entomol Soc Am 57:429–437
Clifford CM, Sonenshine DE, Keirans JE, Kohls GM (1973) Systematics of the subfamily Ixodinae (Acarina: Ixodidae). I. The subgenera of Ixodes. Ann Entomol Soc Am 66:489–500
Clifford CM, Hoogstraal H, Keirans JE, Rice RCA, Dale W (1978) Observations on the subgenus Argas (Ixodoidea: Argasidae: Argas) 14. Identity and biological observations of Argas (A.) cucumerinus from Peruvian seaside cliffs and a summary of the status of the subgenus in the Neotropical faunal region. Ann Entomol Soc Am 15:57–73
Clifford CM, Keirans JE, Hoogstraal H, Morel PC (1979) Observations on the subgenus Argas (Ixodoidea: Argasidae: Argas) 15. Identity of Argas (A.) magnus from Ecuador and Colombia. Ann Entomol Soc Am 15:157–165
Clifford CM, Walker JB, Keirans JE (1983) Clarification of the status of Rhipicephalus kochi Donitz, 1905 (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). Onderstepoort J Vet Res 50:77–89
Cooley RA (1938) The genera Dermacentor and Otocentor (Ixodidae) in the United States. Natl Inst Health Bull 171: 1–89
Cooley RA (1946) The genera Boophilus, Rhipicephalus ,and Haemaphysalis (Ixodidae) of the New World. Natl Inst Health Bull 187:1–54
Cooley RA, Kohls GM (1944) The Argasidae of North America, Central America and Cuba. Am Midland Natl Monogr No 1. University Press, Notre Dame, Indiana 152 pp
Cooley RA, Kohls GM (1945) The genus Ixodes in North America. Natl Inst Health Bull 184:1–246
de la Cruz J (1973) Notas sobre las garrapatas del genero Antricola Cooley y Kohls, 1942 (Ixodiformes, Argasidae) con la descripcion de una nueva especie. Simp 30 Aniv Soc Esp Cuba Es Carsol (44):3–13 (in Spanish)
Delpy L (1936) Notes sur les ixodides du genre Hyalomma (Koch). Ann Parasitol Hum Comp 14:206–245 (in French)
Ehrlich PR (1961) Systematics in 1970: some unpopular predictions. Syst Zool 10:157–158
Estrada-Pena A (1989) Indece-catalogo de las garrapatas (Acarina: Ixodoidea) en el mundo. Vol 1. Genero Haemaphysalis. Universidad de Zaragoza, 932 pp (in Spanish)
Feldman-Mühsam B, Shechter R (1970) Some notes on the genus Boophilus (Ixodidae) with special reference to species found in Israel. J Med Entomol 7:677–686
Filippova NA (1961) Larvae and nymphs of ticks of the subfamily Ornithodorinae (Ixodoidea, Argasidae in the fauna of the Soviet Union. Parazitol Sborn Zool Inst Akad Nauk SSSR 20:148–182
Filippova NA (1966) Argasid ticks (Argasidae). Fauna SSSR, Paukoobraznye 4, 255 pp (in Russian)
Filippova NA (1977) Ixodid ticks of the subfamily Ixodinae. Fauna SSSR, Paukoobraznye 4, 396 pp (in Russian)
Filippova NA (1981) On the diagnosis of species of the genus Rhipicephalus Koch (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae) from the fauna of the USSR and adjoining territories by nymphal instar. Parazitol Sborn Zool Inst Akad Nauk SSSR 30:47–68 (in Russian with English summary)
Filippova NA, Panova IV (1978) Anomalohimalaya lotozkyi sp.n., a new species of ixodid tick from Peter I Ridge (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). Parazitol Leningrad 12:391–339 (in Russian with English summary)
Filippova NA, Panova IV (1983) Importance of external ultrastructures for systematics of ixodid ticks of the genus Rhipicephalus Koch (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). Parazitol Sborn Zool Inst Akad Nauk SSSR 31:17–36 (in Russian)
Filippova NA, Panova IV (1984) Contribution to diagnosis of subgenera of the genus Dermacentor Koch from larvae and nymphs and new data on distribution of the subgenus Asiacentor (Ixodidae). Parazitol Leningrad 18:135–139 (in Russian with English summary)
Filippova NA, Panova IV (1988) Description of larvae and nymphs of the ixodid tick Dermacentor ushakovae. Parazitol Leningrad 22:122–131 (in Russian with English summary)
Filippova NA, Panova IV (1989) Revision of the genus Dermacentor Koch of the fauna of the USSR and contiguous territories (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). Parazitol Sborn Zool Inst Akad Nauk SSSR 35:49–95 (in Russian with English summary)
Filippova NA, Panova IV, Grebenjuk RV (1981) On the diagnosis of Dermacentor species from central Asia by the nymphal instar (Ixodidae). Parazitol Leningrad 15:441–450 (in Russian with English summary)
Filippova NA, Panova IV, Grebenjuk RV (1986) Diagnosis of species of the genus Dermacentor Koch from central Asia by the larval instar (Ixodidae). Parazitol Leningrad 22:89–98 (in Russian with English summary)
Hoogstraal H (1956) African Ixodoidea. I. Ticks of the Sudan (with special reference to Equatoria Province and with preliminary reviews of the genera Boophilus, Margaropus ,and Hyalomma). Dept Navy, Bur Med Surg Washington, DC, USA, 1101 pp
Hoogstraal H (1970) Human infestation by ticks (Ixodidae) in the Himalaya. In: Singh KS, Tandon BK (eds) Srivastava commemoration volume. Div Parasitol Indian Vet Res Inst, Izatnagar, India, 75–89 pp
Hoogstraal H, Kaiser MN (1959) Observations on Egyptian Hyalomma ticks (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). 5. Biological notes and differences in identity of H. anatolicum and its subspecies anatolicum Koch and excavatum Koch, among Russian and other workers. Identity of H. luscitanicum Koch. Ann Entomol Soc Am 52:243–261
Hoogstraal H, Kaiser MN (1973) The subgenus Persicargas (Ixodoidea: Argasidae: Argas). 18. A. (P.) nullaborensis ,new species, from Western Australia. Ann Entomol Soc Am 66:1296–1298
Hoogstraal H, Kohls GM (1960a) Observations on the subgenus Ar gas (Ixodoidea, Argasidae, Ar gas). 1. Study of A. reflexus reflexus (Fabricius 1974), the European bird argasid. Ann Entomol Soc Am 53:611–618
Hoogstraal H, Kohls GM (1960b) Observations on the subgenus Ar gas (Ixodoidea, Argasidae, Argas). 3. A biological study of A. reflexus hermanni Audouin 1827 (revalidated), the African bird argasid. Ann Entomol Soc Am 53:743–755
Hoogstraal H, Kohls GM (1966) Argas (Microargas) transversus Banks (new subgenus) (Ixodoidea, Argasidae), a diminutive parasite of the Galapagos giant tortoise: Redescription of the holotype male and description of the larva. Ann Entomol Soc Am 59:247–252
Hoogstraal H, Wassef HY (1984) Dermacentor (Indocentor) compactus (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae): wild pigs and other hosts and distribution in Malaysia, Indonesia, and Borneo. J Med Entomol 21:174–178
Hoogstraal H, Wassef HY (1985a) Dermacentor (Indocentor) auratus (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae): hosts, distribution, and medical importance in tropical Asia. J Med Entomol 22:170–177
Hoogstraal H, Wassef HY (1985b) Dermacentor (Indocentor) atrosignatus) Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodiae): hosts and distribution in the Malay Peninsula, Indonesia, Borneo, and southern Philippines. J Med Entomol 22:644–674
Hoogstraal H, Kaiser MN, Kohls GM (1968) The subgenus Persicargas (Ixodoidea, Argasidae, Argas). 4. Argas (P.) robertsi ,new species, a parasite of Australian fowl, and keys to Australian argasid species. Ann Entomol Soc Am 61:535–539
Hoogstraal H, Kaiser MN, Mitchell RM (1970) Anomalohimalaya lama ,new species (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae), a tick parasitizing rodents, shrews, and hares in the Tibetan highlands of Nepal. Ann Entomol Soc Am 63:1576–1585
Hoogstraal H, Clifford CM, Keirans JE (1973) Argas (Microargas) transversus (Ixodoidea: Argasidae) of Galapagos giant tortoises: description of the female and nymph. Ann Entomol Soc Am 66:727–732
Hoogstraal H, Wassef HY, Buttiker W (1981) Ticks (Acarina) of Saudi Arabia. Fam. Argasidae, Ixodidae. Fauna Saudi Arabia 3:25–110
Hoogstraal H, Wassef HY, Santana FJ, Kuntz RE (1986) Dermacentor (Indocentor) taiwanensis (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae): hosts and distribution in Taiwan and southern Japan. J Med Entomol 23:286–288
Jones EK, Clifford CM (1972) The systematics of the subfamily Ornithodorinae (Acarina: Argasidae). V. A revised key to larval Argasidae of the western hemisphere and descriptions of seven new species of Ornithodoros. Ann Entomol Soc Am 65:730–740
Jones EK, Clifford CM, Keirans JE, Kohls GM (1972) The ticks of Venezuela (Acarina: Ixodoidea) with a key to the species of Amblyomma in the western hemisphere. Brigham Young Univ Sci Bull Biol Ser 17:1–40
Kaiser MN, Hoogstraal H (1963) The Hyalomma ticks (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae) of Afghanistan. J Parasitol 49:130–139
Kaiser MN, Hoogstraal H (1964) The Hyalomma ticks (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae) of Pakistan, India and Ceylon, with keys to subgenera and species. Acarologia 6:257–286
Kaiser MN, Hoogstraal H (1969) The subgenus Persicargas (Ixodoidea, Argasidae, Argas). 1. A. (P.) walkerae ,new species, a parasite of domestic fowl in southern Africa. Ann Entomol Soc Am 62:885–890
Kaiser MN, Hoogstraal H, Kohls GM (1964) The subgenus Persicargas ,new subgenus (Ixodoidea, Argasidae, Argas. I. A. (P.) arboreus ,new species, an Egyptian persicus-like parasite of wild birds, with a redefinition of the subgenus Argas. Ann Entomol Soc Am 57:60–69
Kaufmann TS (1972) A revision of the genus Aponomma Neumann, 1899 (Acarina: Ixodidae). PhD Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA 389 pp
Keirans JE (1987) Harry Hoogstraal (1917-1986): A bibliography. J Med Entomol 24:121–140
Keirans JE, Clifford CM (1975) Nothoaspis reddelli ,new genus and new species (Ixodoidea: Argasidae), from a bat cave in Mexico. Ann Entomol Soc Am 68:81–85
Keirans JE, Clifford CM (1978) The genus Ixodes in the United States: a scanning electron microscope study and key to the adults. J Med Entomol Suppl 2:149
Keirans JE, Degenhardt WG (1985) Aponomma elephense Price, 1959 (Acari: Ixodidae): diagnosis of the adults and nymph with first description of the larva. Proc Biol Soc Wash 98:711–717
Keirans JE, Clifford CM, Hoogstraal H, Easton ER (1976) Discovery of Nuttalliella namaqua Bedford (Acarina: Ixodoidea: Nuttalliellidae) in Tanzania and redescription of the female based on scanning electron microscopy. Ann Entomol Soc Am 69:926–932
Keirans JE, Clifford CM, Reddell JR (1977) Description of the immature stages of Nothoaspis reddelli (Ixodoidea: Argasidae) from bat caves in Mexico. Ann Entomol Soc 70:591–595
Keirans JE, Hoogstraal H, Clifford CM (1979) Observations on the subgenus Ar gas (Ixodoidea: Argasidae: Argas). 16. Argas (A.) moreli ,new species, and keys to the Neotropical species of the subgenus. J Med Entomol 15:157–165
Kohls GM, Hoogstraal H (1960) Observations on the subgenus Argas (Ixodoidea, Argasidae, Argas). 2. A. coole yi ,new species, from western North American birds. Ann Entomol Soc Am 53:625–631
Kohls GM, Hoogstraal H (1961) Observations on the subgenus Argas (Ixodoidea, Argasidae, Argas). 4. A. neghmei ,new species, from poultry houses and human habitations in northern Chile. Ann Entomol Soc Am 54:844–851
Kohls GM, Hoogstraal H, Clifford (1961) Observations on the subgenus Argas (Ixodoidea, Argasidae, Argas). 5. Study of A. brevipes Banks, 1908, from birds in Arizona and California, USA, and Baja California, Mexico. Ann Entomol Soc Am 54:869–877
Kohls GM, Sonenshine DE, Clifford CM (1965) The systematics of the subfamily Ornithodorinae (Acarina: Argasidae). II. Identification of the larvae of the Western Hemisphere and descriptions of three new species. Ann Entomol Soc Am 58:331–364
Kohls GM, Hoogstraal H, Clifford CM, Kaiser MN (1970) The subgenus Persicargas (Ixodoidea, Argasidae, Argas). 9. Redescription and New World records of Argas (P.) persicus (Oken) and resurrection, redescription, and records of A. (P.) radiatus Railliet, A. (P.) sanchezi Duges, and A. (P). miniatus Koch, New World ticks misidentified as A. (P.) persicus. Ann Entomol Soc Am 63:590–606
Kolonin GV (1978) World distribution of ixodid ticks (genus Haemaphysalis) Akad Nauk SSSR, Dalln Nauch Tsentr Tikh Inst Geogr Izd “Nauka” Moskva, 71 pp (in Russian)
Kolonin GV (1981) World distribution of ixodid ticks (genus Ixodes). Akad Nauk SSSR, Dalln Nauch Tsentr Tikh Inst Geogr Izd “Nauka” Moskva, 114 pp (in Russian)
Kolonin GV (1983) World distribution of ixodid ticks. Genera Hyalomma, Aponomma, Amblyomma. Akad Nauk SSSR, Dalln Nauch Tsentr Tik Inst Geogr Izd “Nauka” Moskva, 120 pp (in Russian)
Kolonin GV (1984) World distribution of ixodid ticks. Genera Dermacentor, Anocentor, Cosmiomma, Dermacentonomma, Nosomma, Rhipicentor, Rhipicephalus, Boophilus, Margropus, Anomalo-himalya. Akad Nauk SSSR, Dalln Nauch Tsentr Tikh Inst Geogr Izd “Nauka” Moskva, 94 pp (in Russian)
Kusov VN (1973) Ornithodrinae ticks of Kazakhstan and republics of Central Aisa. Akad Nauk Kazakh SSR Inst Zool Alma-Ata 266 pp (in Russian)
Matthysse JG, Colbo MH (1987) The ixodid ticks of Uganda. Entomological Society of America, College Park, MD, 426 pp
Morel PC (1976) Etude sur les Tiques d’Ethiope (Acarines, Ixodides). Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres, Maisons-Alfort, 326 pp (in French)
Neumann LG (1911) Ixodidae. Das Tierreich, No 26 R. Friedlander und Sohn, Berlin, 169 pp
Nunez JL, Munoz-Cobenas ME, Moltedo HL (1985) Boophilus microplus. The common cattle tick. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg New York, 204 pp
Nuttall GHF, Warburton C (1908) On a new genus of the Ixodoidea together with a description of eleven new species of ticks. Proc Camb Philos Soc 14:392–416
Nuttall GHF, Warburton C (1911) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part II. Ixodidae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 105–348
Pegram RG, Clifford CM, Walker JB, Keirans JE (1987a) Clarification of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus group (Acari, Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). I. R. sulcatus Neumann, 1908 and R. turanicus Pomerantsev, 1936. Syst Parasitol 10:3–26
Pegram RG, Keirans JE, Clifford CM, Walker (1987b) Clarification of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus group (Acari, Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). II. R. sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) and related species. Syst Parasitol 10:27–44
Pegram RG, Walker JB, Clifford CM, Keirans JE (1987c) Comparison of populations of the Rhipicephalus simus group: R. simus, R. praetextatus ,and R. muhsamae (Acari: Ixodidae). J Med Entomol 24:666–682
Pospelova-Shtrom MV (1969) On the system of classification of ticks of the family Argasidae Can., 1890. Acarologia 11:1–22
Roberts FHS (1970) Australian ticks. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Organization, Melbourne, 267 pp
Robinson LE (1926) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part IV. The genus Amblyomma. Cambridge University Press, 302 pp
Santos Dias JAT (1985) Previous note concerning the organization of a catalogue for the genus Aponomma Neumann, 1899 (Acarina-Ixodoidea). Garcia de Orta Ser Zool 12:31–42
Seneviratana P (1965) The Ixodoidea (ticks) of Ceylon. Parts II and III. Ceylon Vet J 13:28–54
Singh KRP (1968) Description of the nymph and the larva of Nosomma monstrosum (Nuttall and Warburton, 1908).-Parasitology 58:461–463
Singh KRP, Dhanda V (1965) Description and keys of immature stages of some species of Indian Hyalomma Koch, 1844 (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). Acarologia 7:636–651
Sonenshine DE, Clifford CM, Kohls GM (1962) The identification of larvae of the genus Ar gas (Acarina: Argasidae). Acarologia 4:193–214
Sonenshine DE, Clifford CM, Kohls GM (1966) The systematics of the subfamily Ornithodorinae (Acarina: Argasidae). III. Identification of the larvae of the eastern hemisphere. Ann Entomol Soc Am 59:92–122
Tanskul P(L), Inlao I (1989) Keys to the adult ticks of Haemaphysalîs Koch, 1844, in Thailand with notes on changes in taxonomy (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae). J Med Entomol 26:573–600
Tendeiro J (1959) Sur quelques Ixodides du Mozambique et de la Guinee Portugaise. I. Bol Cult Guine Port 14:21–95
Teng K-F (1982) The geographic distribution of the genus Dermacentor in China. Sinozoologia (2):211–216
Teng K-F, Huang C-A (1981) A new species of tick of the genus Anomalohimalaya from China (Acarina: Ixodidae). Acta Entomol Sin 24:99–102 (in Chinese with English summary)
Theiler G (1961) A contribution to the knowledge of African Ixodidae. The genus Rhipicentor. Rev Zool Bot Afr 66:297–308
Theiler G, Robinson BN (1953) Ticks in the South African Zoological Survey collection. Part VII. Six lesser known African rhipicephalids. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 26:93–136
Toumanoff C (1944) Les Tiques (Ixodoidea) de LTndochine. Inst Pasteur de L’Indochine, Saigon 220 pp (in French)
Trapido H, Varma MGR, Rajagopalan PK, Singh KRP, Rebello MJ (1964) A guide to the identification of all stages of the Haemaphysalis ticks of south India. Bull Entomol Res 55:249–270
Walker JB (1961) Some observations on the classification and biology of ticks belonging to the genus Rhipicephalus ,with special reference to the immature stages. East Afr Med J 38:232–238
Walker JB (1974) The ixodid ticks of Kenya: a review of present knowledge of their hosts and distribution. Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London, 220 p
Walker JB, Laurence BR (1973) Margaropus wileyi sp. nov. (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae), a new species of tick from the reticulated giraffe. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 40:13–21
Walker JB, Keirans JE, Pegram RG, Clifford CM (1988) Clarification of the status of Rhipicephalus tricuspis Donitz, 1906 and Rhipicephalus lunulatus Neumann, 1907 (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). Syst Parasitol 12:159–186
Wassef HY, Hoogstraal H (1983) Dermacentor (Indocentor) compactus (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae): identity of male and female. J Med Entomol 20:648–652
Wassef HY, Hoogstraal H (1984a) Dermacentor (Indocentor) auratus (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae): identity of male and female. J Med Entomol 21:169–173
Wassef HY, Hoogstraal H (1984b) Dermacentor (Indocentor) atrosignatus (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae): identity of male and female. J Med Entomol 21:586–591
Wassef HY, Hoogstraal H (1986a) Dermacentor (Indocentor) taiwanensis (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae): identity of male and female. J Med Entomol 23:173–177
Wassef HY, Hoogstraal H (1986b) Dermacentor (Indocentor) steini (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae): identity of male and female. J Med Entomol 23:532–537
Wassef HY, Hoogstraal H (1988) Dermacentor (Indocentor) steini (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae): hosts, distribution in the Malay Peninsula, Indonesia, Borneo, Thailand, the Philippines, and New Guinea. J Med Entomol 25:315–320
Yamaguti N, Tipton VJ, Keegan HL, Toshioka S (1971) Ticks of Japan, Korea, and the Ryukyu Islands. Brigham Young Univ Sci Bull Biol Ser 15:1–226
Yeoman GH, Walker JB (1967) The ixodid ticks of Tanzania: a study of the zoogeography of the Ixodidae of an east African country. Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London, 215 p
Yunker CE, Keirans JE, Clifford CM, Easton ER (1986) Dermacentor ticks (Acari: Ixodiodea: Ixodidae) of the New World: a scanning electron microscope atlas. Proc Entomol Soc Wash 88:609–627
Zumpt F (1949) Preliminary study to a revision of the genus Rhipicephalus Koch. Mocambique 15:57–169
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Keirans, J.E. (1992). Systematics of the Ixodida (Argasidae, Ixodidae, Nuttalliellidae): An Overview and Some Problems. In: Tick Vector Biology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76643-5_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76643-5_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-76645-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-76643-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive