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Regulation of Brain Volume Under Isosmotic and Anisosmotic Conditions

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Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology

Part of the book series: Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology ((COMPARATIVE,volume 9))

Abstract

The incompressibility of the contents of the skull — brain, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — implies that their total volume must remain constant; changes in the volume of one compartment must be accompanied by reciprocal changes in the others. This relationship, known as the Monro-Kellie doctrine, makes the central nervous system especially vulnerable to increases in tissue volume. Small increases in brain bulk may be “buffered” by decreases in CSF volume; however, larger changes will progressively reduce cerebral blood flow, cause mechanical damage, and lead to herniation of brain tissue through the foramen magnum and to death. The importance of volume regulation at the cellular level, apart from its contribution to brain bulk, has not been studied extensively. However, analyses of neuronal activity in invertebrate systems provide indirect evidence that maintenance of normal cell volume is essential for a variety of functions, including generation of axonal action potentials (Pichon and Treherne 1976) and synaptic activity (Prior and Pierce 1981).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Physiology and Biophysics, Brown University, 02912, Providence, RI, USA

    H. F. Cserr

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY at Stony Brook, 11794-8122, Stony Brook, NY, USA

    C. S. Patlak

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  1. H. F. Cserr
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  2. C. S. Patlak
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Animal Physiology, University of Liège, 22, Quai Van Beneden, B-4020, Liège, Belgium

    R. Gilles

  2. Institute of Biological Chemistry A, University of Copenhagen, 13, Universitetsparken, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

    E. K. Hoffmann

  3. General Biology, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133, Milano, Italy

    L. Bolis

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Cserr, H.F., Patlak, C.S. (1991). Regulation of Brain Volume Under Isosmotic and Anisosmotic Conditions. In: Gilles, R., Hoffmann, E.K., Bolis, L. (eds) Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology. Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology, vol 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76226-0_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76226-0_3

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