Abstract
As result of improved primary care, fewer patients suffering from trauma, multiple injuries, or forms of shock will succumb within the first hours except those presenting with lethal injuries to the vital organs. One-half of the deaths among trauma victims occur within 1 h after injury and are due to rapid hemorrhage or CNS trauma [26]. As a consequence of vigorous and rapid resuscitation and volume substitution many trauma patients survive the initial critical hours and appear to be in a stable reconvalescent condition. With time, however, dysfunction of one or several of their organs becomes apparent and they are prone to die from the primary complications of trauma in sepsis and multiple organ failure [2, 6, 9]. Deterioration of organ function sequentially involves the lung, liver, and cardiovascular system, followed by blood, central nervous system, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract [10].
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Baker CC, De Santis J, Degutis LD, Baue AE (1985) The impact of a trauma service on trauma care in a University Hospital. Am J Surg 149: 453–548
Baue AE (1975) Multiple, progressive or sequential systems failure — a syndrome of the “70”s. Arch Surg 110: 779–781
Baue AE, Guthrie D (1986) Moderne Aspekte des Multiorganversagens. In: Eigler FW, Peiper HJ, Schildberg FW, Witte J, Zumtobel V (eds) Stand und Gegenstand chirurgischer Forschung. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 66–72
Beisel WR (1986) Sepsis and metabolism. In: Little RA, Frayn KN (eds) The scientific basis for the care of the critically ill. Manchester University Press, Manchester, pp 103–122
Brooks DK, Williams WG, Manley RW, Whiteman P (1963) Osmolar and electrolyte changes in haemorrhagic shock. Lancet i: 521–527
Carmona R, Catalano R, Trunkey DD (1984) Septic shock. In: Shires GT (ed) Shock and related problems. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp 156–177
De Felippe J, Timoner J, Velasco IT, Lopes OU, Rocha-e-Silva M (1980) Treatment of refractory hypovolaemic shock by 7.5% sodium chloride injections. Lancet ii: 1002–1004
Dinarello CA (1984) Interleukin I. Rev Infect Dis 6: 51–95
Fry DE, Pearlstein L, Fulton RL (1980) Multiple system organ failure. The role of uncontrolled infection. Arch Surg 115: 136–140
Goris RJA, te Boekhorst TPA, Nuytinck JKS, Gimbrère JSF (1985) Multiple-organ failure. Generalized autodestructive inflammation? Arch Surg 120: 1109–1115
Kramer GC, Perron PR, Lindsey DC, Ho HS, Gunther RA, Boyle WA, Holcroft JW (1986) Small-volume resuscitation with hypertonic saline dextran solution. Surgery 100: 239–247
Kreimeier U, Schmidt J, Bruckner UB, Schoenberg M, Yang Zh, Messmer K (1987) Primary resuscitation using hypertonic saline colloid solution. Langenb Arch Chir (suppl): 329–332
Lopes OU, Pontieri V, Rocha-e-Silva M, Velasco IT (1981) Hyperosmotic NaCI and severe hemorrhagic shock: role of the innervated lung. Am J Physiol 241: H883 – H890
Maningas PA, De Guzman LR, Tillman FJ, Hinson CS, Priegnitz KJ, Volk KA, Bellamy RF (1986) Small-volume infusion of 7.5% NaCI in 6% dextran 70 for the treatment of severe hemorrhagic shock in swine. Ann Emerg Med 15: 1131–1137
Mazzoni MC, Arfors KE, Intaglietta M (1987) Fluid shifts between endothelium, and intra-and extravascular compartments during hyperosmotic reperfusion in hemorrhage. Model analysis. Second international symposium on hypertonic saline resuscitation, Monterey Calif., Abstracts
McCord JM (1985) Oxygen-derived free radicals in postischemic tissue injury. New Engl J Med 312: 159–163
McCord JM, Fridovich I (1978) The biology and pathology of oxygen radicals. Ann Int Med 89: 122–127
Messmer K (1968) Die Wirkung hypertoner Lösungen bei Ratten im irreversiblen Schock. Anaesthesist 17: 295–299
Messmer K (1983) Traumatic shock in polytrauma: circulatory parameters, biochemistry, and resuscitation. World J Surg 7: 26–30
Modig J (1986) Effectiveness of dextran 70 versus Ringer’s acetate in traumatic shock and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med 14: 454–457
Nakayama S, Sibley L, Gunther RA, Holcroft JW, Kramer GC (1984) Small-volume resuscitation with hypertonic saline (2.400 mosm/liter) during hemorrhagic shock. Circ Shock 13: 149–159
Parks DA, Bulkley GB, Granger DN (1983) Role of oxygen free radicals in shock, ischemia and organ preservation. Surgery 94: 428–432
Reinert M, Piroth M, Höer PW, Görsch H (1964) Morphologische Veränderungen an den inneren Organen der Ratte im standardisierten reversiblen and irreversiblen Schock. Virch Arch path Anat 338: 21–29
Rocha-e-Silva M, Negraes GA, Soares AM, Pontieri V, Loppnow L (1986) Hypertonic resuscitation from severe hemorrhagic shock: patterns of regional circulation. Circ Shock 19: 165–175
Smith GJ, Kramer GC, Perron P, Nakayama SI, Gunther RA, Holcroft JW (1985) A comparison of several hypertonic solutions for resuscitation of bled sheep. J Surg Res 39: 517–528
Trunkey DD (1983) Trauma. Sci Am 249: 20–27
Velasco IT, Pontieri V, Rocha-e-Silva M, Lopes OU (1980) Hyperosmotic NaCI and severe hemorrhagic shock. Am J Physiol 239: H664 — H673
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kreimeier, U., Messmer, K. (1987). New Perspectives in Resuscitation and Prevention of Multiple Organ System Failure. In: Baethmann, A., Messmer, K. (eds) Surgical Research: Recent Concepts and Results. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73097-9_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73097-9_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-73099-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-73097-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive