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The Role of α4-Integrin in T Lymphocyte Migration Into the Inflamed and Noninflamed Central Nervous System

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Leukocyte Integrins in the Immune System and Malignant Disease

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 231))

Abstract

The central nervous system (CNS) is considered to be an immunologically privileged site. The CNS parenchyme is tightly sealed off from the periphery by the highly specialized vascular wall — the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB has been assumed to provide a barrier that prevents circulating leukocytes from entering the CNS. However, in inflammatory reactions in response to virus infections, in multiple sclerosis and in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), mononuclear cells infiltrate the CNS. To date, there is no evidence that the functions of the BBB endothelium include BBB-specific leukocyte/endothelial interactions that regulate leukocyte recruitment across the BBB. Therefore it is thought that the interaction of circulating “CNS-seeking” mononuclear cells with the endothelial cells of the BBB is a multistep process (Butcher 1991; Springer 1994; Bargatze et al. 1995). This review summarizes the current evidence, pointing to a unique role of α4-integrin in the interaction in circulating mononuclear cells with the endothelium of the BBB.

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  1. Max-Planck-Institut für physiologische und klinische Forschung, W.G. Kerckhoff-Institut, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany

    B. Engelhardt

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  1. Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr. 9, D-81675, Munich, Germany

    Bernhard Holzmann M.D.  & Hermann Wagner M.D., Ph.D.  & 

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Engelhardt, B. (1998). The Role of α4-Integrin in T Lymphocyte Migration Into the Inflamed and Noninflamed Central Nervous System. In: Holzmann, B., Wagner, H. (eds) Leukocyte Integrins in the Immune System and Malignant Disease. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 231. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71987-5_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71987-5_4

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