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Membrane Phenotyping: Diagnosis, Monitoring and Classification of Acute ‘Lymphoid’ Leukaemias

  • Conference paper
Immunological Diagnosis of Leukemias and Lymphomas

Part of the book series: Haematology and Blood Transfusion / Hämatologie und Bluttransfusion ((HAEMATOLOGY,volume 20))

Abstract

Many attempts have been made to produce human leukaemia specific antibodies in animal species (reviewed in 23, 17). As with other human malignancies, it has been generally assumed that malignant cells are likely to express unique antigens on their surface membrane. There is abundant evidence that transformed or neoplastic cells do indeed differ by multiple criteria from their presumed “normal” counterparts. However, when the appropriate controls are performed it is almost invariably found that the supposed tumour cell characteristic is in fact expressed by some normal cells at a particular stage of development or during a restricted phase of the cell cycle. This is true for “new” membrane antigens as well as “missing” membrane structures (e.g. the LETS protein, 31), general membrane properties (e.g. fluidity, clustering of lectin binding of glycoproteins), social (or anti-social) behaviour in vitro. Although expression of “foetal” type antigens may be a common occurrance in malignancy (9) it is becoming apparent that there is no general phenotypic manifestation of malignancy in individual cells which can provide an unequivocal diagnostic identification. In individual types of tumours or malignancies the best “markers” for malignancy or transformation may be major chromosomal alterations (e.g. Ph1 translocation in CML, 40, see also Hellriegel et al in this volume) or membrane antigens in the case of chemical carcinogen induced tumours in rodents (1) and TL (thymus-leukaemia) positive thymic leukaemias in TL- mouse strains (4).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Membrane Immunology Group, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, UK

    M. F. Greaves, G. Janossy & M. Roberts

  2. Departments of Haematology and Clinical Genetics, Institute of Child Health, London, UK

    N. T. Rapson, R. B. Ellis & J. Chessels

  3. Departments of Haematology and Clinical Genetics, Gt. Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children, London, UK

    N. T. Rapson, R. B. Ellis & J. Chessels

  4. ICRF Medical Oncology Unit, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, UK

    T. A. Lister

  5. MRC Leukaemia Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK

    D. Catovsky

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  1. M. F. Greaves
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  4. N. T. Rapson
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  5. R. B. Ellis
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  8. D. Catovsky
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  1. Institut für Hämatologie der Gesellschaft für Strahlen- und Umweltforschung, Landwehrstraße 61, D-8000, München 2, Bundesrepublik Deutschland

    Stefan Thierfelder , Hans Rodt  & Eckhard Thiel ,  & 

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© 1977 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Greaves, M.F. et al. (1977). Membrane Phenotyping: Diagnosis, Monitoring and Classification of Acute ‘Lymphoid’ Leukaemias. In: Thierfelder, S., Rodt, H., Thiel, E. (eds) Immunological Diagnosis of Leukemias and Lymphomas. Haematology and Blood Transfusion / Hämatologie und Bluttransfusion, vol 20. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66639-1_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66639-1_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-08216-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-66639-1

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