Skip to main content

Assessment of the Abuse Potentiality of Morphinelike Drugs (Methods Used in Man)

  • Chapter
Drug Addiction I

Abstract

As therapeutic agents, morphine and morphinelike drugs are indispensable, but these same agents are liable to nontherapeutic self-ingestion by segments of the population. Society has condemned this self-ingestion and its associated behaviors and has invoked stringent legal mechanisms controlling the manufacture and distribution of morphinelike drugs. In an attempt to develop analgesics, antitussives, and antidiarrheals that were devoid of those properties of morphine leading to abuse, a large number of drugs have been synthesized and studied. Few drugs have been discovered which exhibit this selectivity, but many have been found that are pharmacologically equivalent to morphine with a potential similar to morphine for abuse.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Andrews, H.L., Himmelsbach, C.K.: Relation of the intensity of the morphine abstinence syndrome to dosage. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 81, 288–293 (1944)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bazell, R.J.: Drug abuse: Methadone becomes the solution and the problem. Science 179, 772–775 (1973)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beaver, W.T., Wallenstein, S.L., Houde, R.W., Rogers, A.: A clinical comparison of the analgesic effects of methadone and morphine administered intramuscularly, and of orally and parenteral administered methadone. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 8, 415–426 (1967)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beaver, W.T., Wallenstein, S.L., Houde, R.W., Rogers, A.: A comparison of the analgesic effects of profadol and morphine in patients with cancer. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 10, 314–319 (1969)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beecher, H.K.: Measurement of Subjective Responses. New York: Oxford University Press 1959

    Google Scholar 

  • Blumberg, H., Dayton, H.B.: Naloxone, naltrexone, and related noroxymorphones. In: Braude, M.C., Harris, L.S., May, E.L., Smith, J.P., Villarreal, J.E. (Eds.): Narcotic Antagonists. Advances in Biochemical Psychopharmacology, Vol.8. New York: Raven Press 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Chabalko, J., LaRosa, J.C., DuPont, R.L.: Death of methadone users in the District of Columbia. Int. J. Addict. 8, 897–908 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chambers, C.D., Inciardi, J.A.: An empirical assessment of the availability of illicit methadone. Proceedings of the Fourth National Conference on Methadone Treatment, San Francisco, California, pp. 149–151. New York: National Association for the Prevention of Addiction to Narcotics 1972

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambers, C.D., Moffett, A.D., Cuskey, W.R.: Five patterns of Darvon abuse. Int. J. Addict. 6, 173–189 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cochin, J., Harris, L.: Synthetic Substitutes for Opiate Alkaloids. Report prepared for Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., under contract No. BNDD 72-9 between the National Academy of Sciences and Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Davenport, L.F.: The abuse of codeine. Publ. Hlth. Rep. (Wash.), Suppl. 145 (1938)

    Google Scholar 

  • Eddy, N.B.: Dilaudid (dihydromorphinone hydrochloride). J. Amer. med. Ass. 100, 1031–1035 (1933)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eddy, N.B.: The history of the development of narcotics. Law Contemp. Prob. 22, 3–8 (1957)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eddy, N.B.: The National Research Council involvement in the opiate problem, 1928–1971. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences 1973

    Google Scholar 

  • Eddy, N.B., Himmelsbach, C.K.: Experiments on the tolerance and addiction potentialities of dihydrodesoxymorphine-D (“Desomorphine”). Publ. Hlth. Rep. (Wash.), Suppl. 118 (1936)

    Google Scholar 

  • Finney, D.J.: Statistical method in biological assay. New York: Hafner Publishing Company 1964

    Google Scholar 

  • Forrest, W.H., Jr.: Report of the Veterans Administration Cooperative Analgesic Study. Presented at 30th Meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Indianapolis, Indiana, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  • Forrest, W.H., Jr.: Report of the Veterans Administration cooperative analgesic study. Presented at 32nd meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1970

    Google Scholar 

  • Forrest, W.H., Brown, C.R., Gold, M., Mahler, D.L., Schettini, A., Teutsch, G., James, K.E.: Report of the Veterans Administration cooperative analgesic study. Presented at 35th meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Mexico City, Mexico 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F.: Addiction liability of narcotine. Presented at 14th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Rensselaer, N.Y. 1954

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F.: Addictive potentialities of hexamethyleneimines. Fed. Proc. 15, 423 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F.: Addictiveness of 1,2-dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-propionoxy-pyrrolidine hydrochloride (ARC-I-0-1). Bull. Narcot. 16, 37–43 (1964)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Essig, C.F., Wolbach, A.B.: Evaluation of carisoprodol and phenyramidol for addictiveness. Bull. Narcot. 13, 1–5 (1961a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Addiction liabilities of morphinan, 6-methyldihydromorphme and dihydrocodeinone. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 100, 128–134 (1950)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Actions and addiction liabilities of alphaacetylmethadols in man. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 105, 458–465 (1952)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Failure of cortisone and ACTH in treatment of the morphine abstinence syndrome. Ann. intern. Med. 38, 234–238 (1953)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Addictive properties of morphine derivatives. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 113, 21–22 (1955a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Morphine antagonists. Fed. Proc. 14, 340 (1955b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Reports on addiction liability tests of new substances. Presented at 17th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1956 a

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Work of the NIMH Addiction Research Center, PHS Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky. Calendar Year 1955. Presented at the 17th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1956 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Chlorpromazine and reserpine. (A) Effects of each and of combinations of each with morphine. (B) Failure of each in treatment of abstinence from morphine. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat. (Chic.) 76, 257–262 (1956c)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Addiction liability of new analgesics. Presented at 18th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Indianapolis, Ind., 1957

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Human pharmacology and addiction liability of certain compounds related to morphine or codeine. Presented at 19th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1958 a

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Progress report. NIMH Addiction Research Center, PHS Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky. Presented at 19th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1958 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Addiction liabilities of (a) dl-2’-hydroxy-5,9-dimethyl-2-(phenethyl)-6,7-benzomorphan HBr (NIH-7519) and (b) l-3-hydroxy-N-phenacyl-morphinan methane sulfonate (NIH-7525). Presented at 20th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1959 a

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Addictiveness of trifluoperazine (SKF-5019). Presented at 20th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1959 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Human pharmacology and addiction liabilities of phenazocme and levophenacylmorphan. Bull. Narcot. 12, 15–23 (1960a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Human pharmacology and addictiveness of ethyl 1-(3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropyl)-4-piperidine carboxylate hydrochloride (R-1132, diphenoxylate). Presented at 21st meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1960 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Pharmacology and addiction liability of dl-and d-propoxyphene. Bull. Narcot. 12, 9–14 (1960c)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Human pharmacology and addictiveness of ethyl 1-(3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropyl)-4-piperidme carboxylate (R-1132, diphenoxylate). Bull. Narcot. 13, 29–43 (1961a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: II. Human pharmacology and addictiveness of certain dextroisomers of opioids: 1. d-3-hydroxy-N-phenethylmorphinan, 2. d-3-methoxy-N-phenethylmorphinan, and 3. d-methadone. Presented at 23rd meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, New York, New York 1961 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: Human pharmacology and addictiveness of certain dextroisomers of synthetic analgesics: I. d-3-hydroxy-N-phenethylmorphinan, II. d-3-methoxy-N-phenethylmorphinan, III. d-methadone. Bull. Narcot. 14, 25–35 (1962)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H., Nash, T.L., van Horn, G.D.: Use of miotic effects in evaluating analgesic drugs in man. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 98, 443–451 (1954)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H., Rosenberg, D.E., Wolbach, A.B.: Annual report of the National Institute of Mental Health Addiction Research Center. Presented at 24th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, New York, New York 1962

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H., Van Horn, G.D.: Effects of morphine as compared with a mixture of morphine and diaminophenylthiazole (Daptazole). Presented at 18th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Indianapolis, Indiana 1957 a

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H., Van Horn, G.D.: Effects of morphine as compared with a mixture of morphine and diaminophenylthiazole (Daptazole). Anesthesiology 18, 531–535 (1957b)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H., Van Horn, G.D.: Human pharmacology and addiction liability of norcodeine. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 129, 172–177 (1960a)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H., Wolbach, A.B.: Addictiveness of new synthetic analgesics. I. Benzimidazole derivatives: (a) 2-(p-chlorobenzyl)-1-diethylaminoethyl-5-nitrobenzimidazole methane sulfonate (NIH-7586, ARC I-G-1), and (b) 2-(p-ethoxybenzyl)-1-diethylaminoethyl-5-nitrobenzimidazole hydrochloride (NIH-7607, ARC I-G-2). II. (-) 3-hydroxy-N-(3, 3-dimethylallyl)-morphinan hydrobromide (NIH-7446). III. (a) N-(methyl-2-piperidinoethyl-propionanilide hydrochloride) (Phenampromid), and (b) N-(2-(methyl)-phenethylamino)-propyl)-propionanilide sulfate (Diampromid). Presented at 21st meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1960 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Martin, W.R., Wolbach, A.B., Isbell, H.: Addiction liability of 1-(p-chlorophenethyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (I-K-1, No.4-1778/1). Presented at 23rd meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, New York, New York 1961 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Martin, W.R., Wolbach, A.B., Isbell, H.: Addiction liability of an isoquinoline analgesic, 1-(p-chlorophenethyl)-2-methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2, 287–299 (1961c)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Rosenberg, D.E.: Observations on the human pharmacology and addictiveness of methotrimeprazine. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 4, 596–601 (1963a)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Rosenberg, D.E.: Preliminary report on the human pharmacology and addiction liability of 2-cyclopropylmethyl-2’-hydroxy-5,9-dimethyl-6,7-benzomorphan (ARC II-C-3); (WIN 20,740). Presented at 25th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Ann Arbor, Michigan 1963 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Rosenberg, D.E.: Studies on addiction liability of 2’-hydroxy-5,9-dimethyl-2-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-6,7-benzomorphan (II-C-2): a narcotic antagonist. Presented at 25th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Ann Arbor, Michigan 1963c

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Rosenberg, D.E.: Studies on the human addiction liability of 2-hydroxy-5,9-dimethyl-2-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-6,7-benzomorphan (WIN 20,228); a weak narcotic antagonist. (II-C-2). J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 143, 149–156 (1964)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Rosenberg, D.E., Isbell, H.: Progress report of the NIMH Addiction Research Center on certain analgesic drugs. Presented at 25th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Ann Arbor, Michigan 1963

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Van Horn, G.D., Isbell, H.: Studies on N-allylnormorphine in man: Antagonism to morphine and heroin and effects of mixtures of N-allylnormorphine and morphine. Amer. J. med. Sci. 231, 1–8 (1956)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Van Horn, G.D., Martin, W.R., Wolbach, A.B., Isbell, H.: Methods for evaluating addiction liability. (A) “Attitude” of opiate addicts toward opiate-like drugs. (B) A short-term “direct” addiction test. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 133, 371–387 (1961d)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser, H.F., Wolbach, A.B.: The addiction liability of alpha-dl-3-acetoxy-4,4-diphenyl-6-methylamino-heptane hydrochloride (NIH-7667, ARC I-C-25) and 6-acetyl-3-ethoxy-dihydromorphine (NIH-7623, ARC-I-A-38). Presented at 23rd meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, New York, New York 1961

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorodetzky, C.W., Martin, W.R.: A comparative study of fentanyl, droperidol and morphine. Presented at 27th meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Houston, Texas 1965 a

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorodetzky, C.W., Martin, W.R.: A comparison of fentanyl, droperidol and morphine. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 6, 731–739 (1965b)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greene, M.H., DuPont, R.L.: Heroin addiction trends. Amer. J. Psychiat. 131, 545–550 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greene, M.H., Brown, B.S., DuPont, R.L.: Illicit methadone abuse in Washington, D.C.: In: Senay, E., Shorty, V., Alksne, H. (Eds.): Developments in the field of drug abuse. Cambridge, Mass.: Schenkman Publishing Co., Inc. 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Haertzen, C.A.: Development of scales based on patterns of drug effects, using the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI). Psychol. Rep. 18, 163–194 (1966)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haertzen, C.A.: Subjective effects of narcotic antagonists cyclazocine and nalorphine on the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI). Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 18, 366–377 (1970)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haertzen, C.A.: An overview of Addiction Research Center Inventory Scales (ARCI): an appendix and manual of scales. DHEW Publication No. (ADM) 74-92. Rockville, Maryland: National Institute on Drug Abuse 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Haertzen, C.A., Hill, H.E., Belleville, R.E.: Development of the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI): Selection of items that are sensitive to the effects of various drugs. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 4, 155–166 (1963)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haertzen, C.A., Hooks, N.T., Jr.: Changes in personality and subjective experiences associated with the chronic administration and withdrawal of opiates. J. nerv. ment. Dis. 148, 606–614 (1969)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, H.E., Haertzen, C.A., Wolbach, A.B., Miner, E.J.: The Addiction Research Center Inventory. Standardization of scales which evaluate subjective effects of morphine, amphetamime, pentobarbital, alcohol, LSD-25, pyrahexyl and chlorpromazine. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 4, 167–183 (1963a)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, H.E., Haertzen, C.A., Wolbach, A.B., Miner, E.J.: The Addiction Research Center Inventory: I. Items comprising empirical scales for seven drugs. II. Items which do not differentiate placebo from any drug condition. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 4, 184–205 (1963b)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K.: Addiction liability of codeine. J. Amer. med. Ass. 103, 1420 (1934)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K.: Clinical studies of drug addiction. I. The absence of addiction liability in “Perparin”. Publ. Hlth Rep. (Wash.), Suppl. 122 (1937a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K.: Clinical studies of drug addiction. II. “Rossium” treatment of drug addiction. Publ. Hlth Rep. (Wash.), Suppl. 125 (1937b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K.: Studies of certain addiction characteristics of (a) dihydromorphine (“paramorphan”), (b) dihydrodesoxymorphine-D (“desomorphine”), (c) dihydrodesoxycodeine-D (“desocodeine”) and (d) methyldihydromorphinone (“metopon”). J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 67, 239–249 (1939)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K.: Thiamine in the treatment of the morphine abstinence syndrome in man. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 70, 293–296 (1940)

    Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K.: The effects of certain chemical changes on the addiction characteristics of drugs of the morphine, codeine series. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 71, 42–48 (1941)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K.: Studies of the addiction liability of “Demerol” (D-140). J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 75, 64–68 (1942)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K.: Further studies of the addiction liability of Demerol (1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride). J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 79, 5–9 (1943)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K.: Treatment of the morphine abstinence syndrome with a synthetic cannabis-like compound. Sth. med. J. (Bgham, Ala.) 37, 26–29 (1944)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K., Andrews, H.L.: Studies on the modification of the morphine abstinence syndrome by drugs. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 77, 17–23 (1943)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K., Andrews, H.L., Felix, R.H., Oberst, F.W., Davenport, L.F.: Studies on codeine addiction. Publ. Hlth Rep. (Wash.), Suppl. 158 (1940)

    Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K., Eddy, N.B., Davenport, L.F.: Studies on drug addiction. Part III. Clinical studies of drug addiction, with special reference to opium derivatives and allied synthetic substances. Publ. Hlth Rep. (Wash.), Suppl. 138 (1938)

    Google Scholar 

  • Himmelsbach, C.K., Oberst, F.W., Brown, R.R., Williams, E.G.: Studies of the influence of prostigmine on morphine addiction. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 76, 50–56 (1942)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmeister, F., Wuttke, W.: Self administration: Positive and negative reinforcing properties of morphine antagonists in Rhesus monkeys. In: Braude, M.C., Harris, L.S., May, E.L., Smith, J.P., Villarreal, J.E. (Eds.): Narcotic antagonists. Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology, Vol. 8. New York: Raven Press 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Houde, R.W., Wallenstein, S.L., Beaver, W.T.: Clinical measurement of pain. In: deStevens, G. (Ed.): Analgetics. New York: Academic Press 1965

    Google Scholar 

  • Houde, R.W., Wallenstein, S.L., Rogers, A.: Analgesic studies in cancer patients: Tilidine, propiram, SU-19713B, levorphanol and nalbuphine. Presented at 36th meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Mexico City, Mexico 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Methods and results of studying experimental human addiction to the newer synthetic analgesics. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 51, 108–122 (1948a)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Report on K-4710 (keto-bemidone, 10720). Presented at 3rd meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1948 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Addiction liability of dihydrocodeinone (No. 154). Presented at 5th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1949a

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Addiction liability of morphinan (NU-2206). Presented at 5th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1949b

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: The addiction liability of some derivatives of meperidine. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 97, 182–189 (1949c)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Addiction liability of the acetylmethadols. Presented at 7th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1951

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Activities of the NIMH Addiction Research Center, USPHS Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky. I. Clinical studies of addiction; II. Clinical investigations of barbiturate addiction; III. Addiction liabilities of l-and d-Dromoran (3-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan); IV. Addiction liability of dl-3-methocy-N-methylmorphinan (methyl ether of Dromoran, Ro-1-5470). Presented at 9th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1952 a

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Studies on N-allylnormorphine. Presented at 9th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1952 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Nalline-a specific narcotic antagonist; clinical and pharmacological observations. Merck Rep. 62, 23–26 (1953a)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Studies on addiction liabilities of new agents and related work of the Research Division. Presented at 11th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Lexington, Kentucky 1953 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Addiction liability of dihydrohydroxymorphinone (Numorphan or No. 5501). Presented at 14th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Rensselaer, New York 1954 a

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Work of the NIMH Addiction Research Center, Public Health Service Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky. Presented at 13th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Nutley, New Jersey 1954 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Withdrawal symptoms in “primary” meperidine addicts. Fed. Proc. 14, 354 (1955a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Work of the NIMH Addiction Research Center, U.S. Public Health Service Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky, for the calendar year 1954. Presented at 15th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Lexington, Kentucky 1955 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Attempted addiction to nalorphine. Fed. Proc. 15, 442 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H.: Comparison of the reactions induced by psilocybin and LSD-25 in man. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 1, 29–38 (1959)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Belleville, R.E., Fraser, H.F., Wikler, A., Logan, C.R.: Studies on lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25). Effects in former morphine addicts and development of tolerance during chronic intoxication. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat. (Chic.) 76, 468–478 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Eisenman, A.J.: The addiction liability of some drugs of the methadone series and 6-methyldihydromorphine. Presented at 2nd meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, Washington, D.C. 1948a

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Eisenman, A.J.: The addiction liability of some drugs of the methadone series. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 93, 305–312 (1948b)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Eisenman, A.J., Wikler, A., Frank, K.: The effects of single doses of 6-dimethylamino-4-4-diphenyl-3-heptanone (amidone, methadon or 10820) on human subjects. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 92, 83–89 (1948a)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Fraser, H.F.: Addiction to analgesics and barbiturates. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther., Part II, 90, 355–397 (1950)

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Fraser, H.F.: Actions and addiction liability of dithienylbutenylamines in man. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 109, 417–421 (1953a)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Fraser, H.F.: Action and addiction liabilities of Dromoran derivatives in man. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 107, 524–530 (1953b)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Fraser, H.F.: Addictive properties of methadone derivatives. Fed. Proc. 13, 369 (1954)

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Fraser, H.F.: Addiction liability of 4,4-diphenyl-6-dimethylamino-hexanone-3. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 113, 29–30 (1955)

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Fraser, H.F.: Report on the work of the National Institute of Mental Health Addiction Research Center. Presented at 20th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1959

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Fraser, H.F., Wikler, A.: Work of the Research Division of the National Institute of Mental Health. Demonstrations. Presented at 11th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Lexington, Kentucky 1953

    Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Miner, E.J., Logan, C.R.: Relationship of psychotomimetic to anti-serotonin potencies of congeners of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25). Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 1, 20–28 (1959)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Vogel, V.H.: The addiction liability of methadon (amidone, Dolophine, 10820) and its use in the treatment of the morphine abstinence syndrome. Amer. J. Psychiat. 105, 909–914 (1949)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Wikler, A., Eddy, N.B., Wilson, J.H., Moran, C.F.: Tolerance and addiction liability of 6-dimethylamino-4-4-diphenyl-heptanone-3 (methadon). J. Amer. med. Ass. 135, 888–894 (1947)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isbell, H., Wikler, A., Eisenman, A.J., Frank, K., Daingerfield, M.: Liability of addiction to 6-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanone (methadon, amidone or 1082) in man. Arch. intern. Med. 82, 362–392 (1948b)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R, Griffith, J.D, Carr, C.B.: Etorphine in man. I. Subjective effects and suppression of morphine abstinence. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 17, 267–272 (1975a)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Griffith, J.D., Carr, C.B., Gorodetzky, C.W., Kullberg, M.R: Progress report from the Clinical Pharmacology Section of the Addiction Research Center. Presented at 36th Meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Mexico City, Mexico 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Griffith, J.D., Pevnick, J.S., Clark, S.G.: Progress report on studies from the Clinical Pharmacology Section of the Addiction Research Center. Presented at 37th Meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1975b

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Mansky, R.: The subjective effects of GPA-2087 and nalbuphine (EN-2234A). Presented at 32nd meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1970

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Mansky, P.A.: Evaluation of nalbuphine for abuse potential. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 13, 78–90 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Martin, W.R.: Assessment of the dependence-producing properties of dihydrocodeinone and codoxime. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 8, 266–270 (1967a)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Martin, W.R.: Evaluation of a new photographic method for assessing pupil diameters. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 8, 271–272 (1967b)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jasmski, D.R., Martin, W.R., Haertzen, C.A.: The human pharmacology and abuse potential of N-allynoroxymorphone (naloxone). Presented at 29th meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Lexington, Ky. 1967a

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Martin, W.R., Haertzen, C.A.: The human pharmacology and abuse potential of N-allylnoroxymorphone (naloxone). J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 157, 420–426 (1967b)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Martin, W.R., Hoeldtke, R.: Progress report on the abuse potential of weak narcotic antagonists. Presented at 31st meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Palo Alto, Calif. 1969

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Martin, W.R., Hoeldtke, R.D.: Effects of short-and long-term administration of pentazocine in man. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 11, 385–403 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Martin, W.R., Hoeldtke, R.D.: Studies of the dependence-producing properties of GPA-1657, profadol and propiram in man. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 12, 613–649 (1971a)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Martin, W.R., Mansky, P.A.: Progress report on the assessment of the antagonists nalbuphine and GPA-2087 for abuse potential and studies of the effects of dextromethorphan in man. Presented at 33rd Meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 1971b

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Martin, W.R., Sapira, J.D.: Antagonism of the subjective, behavioral, pupillary and respiratory depressant effects of cyclazocine by naloxone. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 9, 215–222 (1968a)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Martin, W.R., Sapira, J.D.: Progress report on the dependence-producing properties of GPA-1657, profadol hydrochloride (CI-572), propiram fumarate (BAY-4503) and dexoxadrol. Presented at 30th meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Indianapolis, Ind. 1968 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Nutt, J.G.: Progress report on the assessment program of the NIMH Addiction Research Center. Presented at 34th meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1972

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Nutt, J.G.: Progress report on the clinical assessment program of the Addiction Research Center. Presented at 35th meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 1973

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasinski, D.R., Nutt, J.G., Carr, C.B.: Evaluation in man of the effects of a mixture of morphine and d-amphetamine (MA). Fed. Proc. 31, 530 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, B.E., Martin, W.R., Isbell, H., Fraser, H.F.: Evaluation of a photographic method of estimating pupil diameter in man. Fed. Proc. 21, 326 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kay, D.C., Gorodetzky, C.W., Martin, W.R.: Comparative effects of codeine and morphine in man. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 156, 101–106 (1967)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keats, A.S., Telford, J.: Nalorphine, a potent analgesic in man. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 117, 190–199 (1956)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • King, M.R., Himmelsbach, C.K., Sanders, R.S.: Dilaudid (dihydromorphinone). A review of the literature and a study of its addictive properties. Publ. Hlth Rep, Suppl. 113 (1935)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolb, L., Himmelsbach, C.K.: Clinical studies of drug addiction. III. A critical review of the withdrawal treatments with method of evaluating abstinence syndromes. Amer. J. Psychiat. 94, 759–797 (1938)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kosterlitz, H.W., Waterfield, A.A., Berthoud, V.: Assessment of the agonist and antagonist properties of narcotic analgesic drugs by their actions on the morphine receptor in the guinea pig ileum. In: Braude, L.S., Harris, L.S., May, E.L., Smith, J.P., Villarreal, J.E. (Eds.): Narcotic antagonists. Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology, Vol.8. New York: Raven Press 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Lasagna, L., Beecher, H.K.: The analgesic effectiveness of nalorphine and nalorphine-morphine combinations in man. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 112, 356–363 (1954)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mansky, P.A., Jasinski, D.R.: Effects of dextromethorphan (D) in man. Pharmacologist 12, 231 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Marquardt, W.G., Martin, W.R., Jasinski, D.R.: The use of the Polaroid CU camera in pupillography. Int. J. Addict. 2, 301–304 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R.: Strong analgesics. In: Root, W.S., Hofman, E.G. (Eds.): Physiological pharmacology, Vol. 1. New York: Academic Press 1963

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R.: Assessment of the dependence-producing potentiality of narcotic analgesics. In: Radouco-Thomas, C., Lasagna, L. (Eds.): International encyclopedia of pharmacology and therapeutics. Glasgow: Pergamon Press 1966

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R.: Clinical evaluation for narcotic dependence. In: Way, E.L. (Ed.): New concepts in pain and its clinical management. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Co. 1967a

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R.: Opioid antagonists. Pharmacol. Rev. 19, 463–521 (1967b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R.: Pharmacological redundancy as an adaptive mechanism in the central nervous system. Fed. Proc. 29, 13–18 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Eades, C.G., Thompson, W.O., Thompson, J.A., Flanary, H.G: Morphine physical dependence in the dog. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 189, 759–771 (1974a)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Fraser, H.F.: A comparative study of physiological and subjective effects of heroin and morphine administered intravenously in postaddicts. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 133, 388–399 (1961)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Fraser, H.F., Gorodetzky, C.W., Rosenberg, D.E.: Additional studies on the addictiveness of 2-cyclopropyl methyl-2’-hydroxy-5,9-dimethyl-6,7-benzomorphan (Win 20, 740, ARC-II-C-3). Presented at 26th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1964

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Fraser, H.F., Gorodetzky, C.W., Rosenberg, D.E.: Studies of the dependence-producing potential of the narcotic antagonist 2-cyclopropylmethyl-2’-hydroxy-5,9-dimethyl-6,7-benzomorphan (cyclazocine, Win 20, 740; ARC-II-C-3). J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 150, 426–436 (1965)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Gorodetzky, C.W.: A preliminary report on the morphine-like properties and physical dependence liability of alpha-d-acetoxy-1,2-diphenyl-3-methyl-4-pyrrolidinobutane hydrochloride (Lilly-31,518, NIH-7662, ARC-I-C-27). Presented at 27th meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Houston, Texas 1965 a

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Gorodetzky, C.W.: Demonstration of tolerance to and physical dependence on N-allylnormorphine (nalorphine). Presented at 27th meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Houston, Texas 1965 b

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Gorodetzky, C.W.: Demonstration of tolerance to and physical dependence on N-allynormorphine (nalorphine). J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 150, 437–442 (1965c)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Gorodetzky, C.W., Kay, D.C., McClane, T.K., Jasinski, D.R.: Activities of the Addiction Research Center during 1965. Presented at 28th meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, New York, N.Y. 1966

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Jasinski, D.R.: Physiological parameters of morphine dependence in man-tolerance, early abstinence, protracted abstinence. J. psychiat. Res. 7, 9–17 (1969)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Jasinski, D.R., Haertzen, C.A., Kay, D.C., Jones, B.E., Mansky, P.A., Carpenter, W.: Methadone-a reevaluation. Arch. gen. Psychiat. 28, 286–295 (1973a)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Jasinski, D.R., Mansky, P.A.: Characteristics of the blocking effects of EN-1639A (N-cyclopropylmethyl-7,8-dihydro-14-hydroxynormorphinone HCl). Presented at 33 rd meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 1971

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Jasinski, D.R., Mansky, P.A.: Naltrexone, an antagonist for the treatment of heroin dependence. Arch. gen. Psychiat. 28, 784–791 (1973b)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Jasinski, D.R., Sapira, J.D.: Progress report on the assessment of the ability of GPA-1657 to produce drug dependence of morphine type in man. Presented at 29th meeting, Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, National Research Council, Lexington, Ky. 1967

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Jasinski, D.R., Sapira, J.D., Flanary, H.G., Kelly, O.A., Thompson, A.K., Logan, C.R.: The respiratory effects of morphine during a cycle of dependence. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 162, 182–189 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.R., Thompson, W.O., Fraser, H.F.: Comparison of graded single intramuscular doses of morphine and pentobarbital in man. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 15, 623–630 (1974b)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McClane, T.K., Martin, W.R.: Subjective and physiologic effects of morphine, pentobarbital, and meprobamate. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 20, 192–198 (1976)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • National Institute on Drug Abuse: Report on drug abuse treatment and rehabilitation services. For the CODAP National Management Central Administrative Unit. Rockville, Maryland: NIDA, August 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Nutt, J.G., Jasinski, D.R.: Comparison of intravenously administered methadone (ME), morphine (MO), heroin (H) and placebo (P). Fed. Proc. 32, 694 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nutt, J.G., Jasinski, D.R.: Methadone-naloxone mixtures for use in methadone maintenance programs, I. An evaluation in man of their pharmacological feasibility. II. Demonstration of acute physical dependence. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 15, 156–166 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pachter, I.J.: Synthetic 14-hydroxymorphinan narcotic antagonists. In: Braude, M.C., Harris, L.S., May, E.L., Smith, J.P., Villarreal, J.E. (Eds.): Narcotic antagonists. Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology, Vol.8. New York: Raven Press 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierson, A.K.: Assays for narcotic antagonist activity in rodents. In: Braude, M.C., Harris, L.S., May, E.L., Smith, J.P., Villarreal, J.E. (Eds.): Narcotic antagonists. Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology, Vol. 8. New York: Raven Press 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasor, R.W., Crecraft, H.J.: Addiction to meperidine (Demerol) hydrochloride. J. Amer. med. Ass. 157, 654–657 (1955)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sapira, J.D., Ball, J.C., Cottrell, E.S.: Addiction to methadone among patients at Lexington and Fort Worth. Publ. Hlth Rep. (Wash.) 83, 691–694 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schrappe, O.: “Physical dependence” nach chronischer Verabreichung von n-Allylnormorphin. Drug Res. 9, 130–132 (1959)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seitner, P.G., Martin, B.C., Cochin, J., Harris, L.: Survey of analgesic drug prescribing patterns. Washington, D.C.: Drug Abuse Council, Inc. 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Simpson, D.: Pretreatment drug use by patients entering drug treatment programs during 1971–1973. Texas Christian University Institute of Behavioral Research Report No. 74-5, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Snedecor, G.W., Cochran, W.G.: Statistical Methods. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press 1973

    Google Scholar 

  • Stephens, R.C., Weppner, R.S.: Legal and illegal use of methadone: One year later. Amer. J. Psychiat. 130, 1391–1394 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sunshine, L.E., Slafta, J., Fleischman, E.: A comparative analgesia study of propoxyphene hydrochloride, propoxyphene napsylate and placebo. Toxicol. appl. Pharmacol. 19, 512–518 (1971)

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swanson, D.W., Weddige, R.L., Morse, R.M.: Abuse of prescription drugs. Mayo Clin. Proc. 48, 359–367 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration: Drug Abuse Warning Network, Phase II Report, July 1973–March 1974. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Villarreal, J.E., Karbowski, M.G.: The actions of narcotic antagonists in morphine-dependent Rhesus monkeys. In: Braude, M.D., Harris, L.S., May, E.L., Smith, J.P., Villarreal, J.E. (Eds.): Narcotic antagonists. Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology, Vol.8. New York: Raven Press 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallenstein, S.L., Houde, R.W., Beaver, W.T.: Analgesic studies of orally and parenterally administered morphine and codeine in patients with cancer. Fed. Proc. 26, 742 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Weppner, R.S.: “Cheap Kicks”: Codeine cough syrup abusers and some of their social characteristics. Int. J. Addict. 6, 647–660 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wikler, A., Fraser, H.F., Isbell, H.: N-allylnormorphine: Effects of single doses and precipitation of acute “abstinence syndromes” during addiction to morphine, methadone or heroin in man (post addicts). J. Pharm. exp. Ther. 109, 8–20 (1953)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wolbach, A.B., Fraser, H.F.: Addiction liability of ethyl 1-(2 Carbamyl-ethyl)-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylate hydrochloride. Presented at the 24th meeting, Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics, National Research Council, New York, New York 1962

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolbach, A.B., Fraser, H.F.: Addiction liability of I-C-26 (dextro-3-dimethylamino-1,1-diphenylbutyl ethyl sulfone hydrochloride) and I-D-20 (ethyl 1-(2-carbamethyl)-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylate hydrochloride. Bull. Narcot. 14, 25–28 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolff, P.: The significance of codeine as a habit-forming drug. Bull. Hlth. Org. L.o.N. 7, 546–580 (1938)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yanagita, T.: An experimental framework for evaluation of dependence liability of various types of drugs in monkeys. Bull. Narcot. 25, 57–64 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1977 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Jasinski, D.R. (1977). Assessment of the Abuse Potentiality of Morphinelike Drugs (Methods Used in Man). In: Martin, W.R. (eds) Drug Addiction I. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie / Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 45 / 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66612-4_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66612-4_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-66614-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-66612-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics