Abstract
In sea ice studies, there appear to be natural scale divisions (Overland et al. 1995), and the regional scale (10-50 km) is crucial because the processes on this scale interact with both the climate scale (100-300 km) sea ice processes and floe scale (1 km) processes. Understanding the intermediate regional scale sea ice deformation can help bridge the gap between the sea ice behavior on the floe scale, which is in situ measurable, and the one on the climate scale, which is used as a direct input to climate models. At the intermediate scale, the sea ice deformation behavior is observable from remote sensing data. In fact, the current generation of Earth-viewing radar satellites provides regular observations of the behavior of large areas of the Arctic pack ice. Only the extremely large image data stream poses difficulties for the rapid and efficient extraction of useful geophysical information, and thus requires the development of a variety of automated procedures. This is why the present chapter concentrates on the quantitative characterization of intermediate scale sea ice deformation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Andreas EL (1980) Estimation of the heat and mass fluxes over arctic leads. Monthly Weather Rev 108: 2057–2063.
Badgley FI (1966) Heat budget at the surface of the Arctic Ocean. Proc Symp Arctic Heat Budget and Atmospheric Circulation, RM-5233-NSF, The RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, pp 267–278
Bonbright DI (1984) PODS SSM/I functional requirements (version 1.0). Jet Propulsion Laboratory Document 715–63, Pasadena, California
Colony R, Thorndike AS (1984) An estimate of the mean field of arctic sea ice motion. J Geophys Res 89, no C8:10623–10629
Colony R, Thorndike AS (1985) Sea ice motion as a drunkard’s walk. J Geophys Res 90, no C1: 965–974
Coon MD, Echert DC, Knoke TS (1993) Pack ice anisotropic constitutive model. Proc IAHR Ice Symp 1992, Banff, Alberta, International Association for Hydraulic Research, Delft, Netherlands, pp 1188–1205
Fily, M, Rothrock, DA (1990) Opening and closing of sea ice leads: digital measurements from synthetic aperture radar. J Geophys Res 95, no C1: 789–796
Hibler III WD, Weeks WF, Ackley SF, Kovacs A, Campbell WJ (1973) Mesoscale strain measurements on the Beaufort Sea pack ice (AIDJEX1971). J Glaciol 12, no 65:178–206
Hibler III WD, Weeks WF, Kovacs A, Ackley SF (1974) Differential sea ice drift I: spatial and temporal variations in sea ice deformation. J Glaciol 13, no 69: 437–455
Koerner RM (1973) The mass balance of sea ice of the Arctic Ocean. J Glaciol 12, no 65: 173–185
Kwok R, Pang A (1992) Performance of the ice motion tracker at the Alaska SAR Facility. Proc Int Geosci Remote Sens Symp IGARSS ’92, May 26-29, Houston, Texas, pp 588–590
Kwok R, Cunningham G (1993) Geophysical processor system data user’s handbook (version 2.0). Jet Propulsion Laboratory Document 715–63, Pasadena, California
Kwok R, Curlander JC, McConnell R, Pang SS (1990) An ice-motion tracking system at the Alaska SAR Facility. IEEEJ Ocean Eng 15, no 1: 44~54
Li S, George T (1991) ERS-i data products review meeting, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Document, Dec 17,1991, Pasadena, California
Li S, Cheng Z, Weeks WF (1995) A grid-based algorithm for the extraction of intermediate-scale sea-ice deformation descriptors from SAR ice motion products. Int J Remote Sen 16, no 17:3267–3286.
Makshtas AP (1991) The heat budget of Arctic ice in the winter, Int Glaciol Soc, Cambridge, England
Maykut GA (1982) Large scale heat exchange and ice production in the Central Arctic. J Geophys Res 87, no C10:7971–7984
McConnell R, Kwok R, Curlander JC, Kober W, Pang SS (1991) Y-S correlation and dynamic time warping: two methods for tracking ice floes in SAR images. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 29, no 6:1004–1012
Morison JH, McPhee MG, Curtin TB, Paulson CA (1992) The oceanography of winter leads. J Geophys Res 97, no C7:11199–11218
Overland JE, Walter BA, Davidson KL (1992) Sea ice deformation in the Beaufort Sea. Preprints of the 3rd Conf Polar Meteorology and Oceanography, American Meteorological Society, pp 64-67
Overland JE, Walter BA, Curtin TB, Turet P (1995) Hierachy and sea ice mechanics: a case study from the Beaufort Sea. J Geophys Res 100, no C3: 4559–4571
Pritchard RS (ed) (1980) Sea ice processes and models. Proc Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment (AIDJEX). University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington
Rothrock DA (1986) Ice thickness distribution-measurement and theory. In: Untersteiner N (ed) The geophysics of sea ice. Series B: Physics, vol 146, Plenum Press, New York, pp 551–575
Stern H, Kwok R, Li S, Milkovich M (1993) Ice motion validation team report. In: Kwok R, Cunningham G (eds) Alaska SAR Facility geophysical processor system data user’s handbook (version 2.0). Jet Propulsion Laboratory Document D-9526, Pasadena, California, pp 101–108
Thorndike AS (1986) Kinematics of sea ice. In: Untersteiner N (ed) The geophysics of sea ice. Series B: Physics, vol 146, Plenum Press, New York, pp 489–550
Thorndike AS, Colony R (1977) Estimating the deformation of sea ice. Proc. 4th Int Conf on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions POAC’77, vol 1, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, pp 506–517
Thorndike AS, Colony R (1980) Large-scale ice motion in the Beaufort Sea during AIDJEX, April 1975-April 1976. In: Pritchard RS (ed) Sea ice processes and models: Proc Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment (AIDJEX), University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington, pp 249–260
Thorndike AS, Rothrock DA, Maykut GA, Colony R (1975) The thickness distribution of sea ice. J Geophys Res 80, no 33:4501–4513
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Li, S., Cheng, Z., Weeks, W.F. (1998). Extraction of Intermediate Scale Sea Ice Deformation Parameters from SAR Ice Motion Products. In: Analysis of SAR Data of the Polar Oceans. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60282-5_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60282-5_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64334-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60282-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive