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The Structures of Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors

  • Chapter
Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 144))

Abstract

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) from skeletal muscle and fish electric organs have the best characterized structural and functional properties of any neurotransmitter-gated ion channels. Subunit sequence homologies among families of receptors in the gene superfamily validate muscle AChRs as a model for the general structural features of glycine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A, and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors that comprise this superfamily. The most elegant evidence for the structural homologies in this superfamily are experiments showing that it is possible to change the selectivity of the ion channel of a neuronal AChR from cations to anions by changing only three channel-lining amino acids to those characteristic of glycine and GABAA receptors (GALZI et al. 1992), and experiments showing that it is possible to form a chimera consisting of the extracellular domain of a neuronal AChR subunit and the remainder of a 5-HT3 receptor subunit and produce a receptor with the channel properties of a 5-HT3 receptor which is activated by ACh (EISELE et al. 1993). Actually, there are significant sequence differences between the subunits of the receptors in the superfamily, so in general it is not trivial to mix parts of them. Muscle AChRs are especially relevant as models for neuronal AChRs, to which they are most closely related by sequence homology.

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Lindstrom, J. (2000). The Structures of Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors. In: Clementi, F., Fornasari, D., Gotti, C. (eds) Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 144. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57079-7_6

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